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@ARTICLE{Bieroza:902927,
      author       = {Bieroza, M. Z. and Bol, R. and Glendell, M.},
      title        = {{W}hat is the deal with the {G}reen {D}eal: {W}ill the new
                      strategy help to improve {E}uropean freshwater quality
                      beyond the {W}ater {F}ramework {D}irective?},
      journal      = {The science of the total environment},
      volume       = {791},
      issn         = {0048-9697},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-04680},
      pages        = {148080 -},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Agricultural land use covers almost half of the EU
                      territory and reducing nutrient and pesticide losses to
                      freshwaters is central to existing EU policy. However, the
                      progress of improving freshwater quality and reducing
                      eutrophication is slow and lags behind targets. The Green
                      Deal is a key element of the EU plans to implement the
                      United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals. Here, we
                      discuss the opportunities that the Green Deal and associated
                      strategies may provide for the achievement of the water
                      quality goals of the Water Framework Directive in
                      agricultural landscapes. We welcome Green Deal's
                      aspirational stated goals. However, the reliance of
                      mitigation of diffuse agricultural pollution on the reform
                      of the Common Agricultural Policy represents grave risks for
                      practical implementation and the achievement of the Green
                      Deal objectives. We also argue that the new strategies
                      should be targeted at tackling and understanding the sources
                      of water quality problems along the full pollution
                      continuum. To maximise the opportunities for tackling
                      diffuse pollution from agricultural land use and achieving
                      the delayed water quality targets, we stress that a range of
                      targeted new instruments will be needed to close the gaps in
                      the pollution continuum ‘from source to impact’. These
                      gaps include: (I) smart and standardised monitoring of the
                      impacts of proposed eco-schemes and agri-environment-climate
                      measures, (ii) active restoration of agricultural streams
                      and ditches and their floodplains to reduce secondary
                      pollution sources, (iii) options to draw down nutrient
                      levels to or below the agronomic optimum that reduce legacy
                      sources, (iv) integrating farm-scale and catchment-scale
                      analysis of trade-offs in reducing different pollutants and
                      their combined effects, and finally (v) accounting for
                      emerging pressures to freshwater quality due to climate
                      change. Incorporation of the pollution continuum framework
                      into tackling diffuse agricultural pollution will ensure
                      that the European water-related policy goals are achieved.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {2173 - Agro-biogeosystems: controls, feedbacks and impact
                      (POF4-217)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2173},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:34126496},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148080},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/902927},
}