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@ARTICLE{Ge:902936,
      author       = {Ge, Zhuang and An, Tingting and Bol, Roland and Li,
                      Shuangyi and Zhu, Ping and Peng, Chang and Xu, Yingde and
                      Cheng, Na and Li, Tingyu and Wu, Yihui and Xie, Ninghui and
                      Wang, Jingkuan},
      title        = {{D}istributions of straw-derived carbon in {M}ollisol’s
                      aggregates under different fertilization practices},
      journal      = {Scientific reports},
      volume       = {11},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2045-2322},
      address      = {[London]},
      publisher    = {Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-04689},
      pages        = {17899},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Straw incorporation is an effective measure for increasing
                      soil organic carbon (SOC) thereby improving soil quality and
                      crop productivity. However, quantitative assessments of the
                      transformation and distribution of exogenous carbon (C) in
                      soil aggregates under various field fertilization practices
                      have been lacking. In this study, we collected topsoil
                      samples (0–20 cm) from three fertilization treatments (no
                      fertilization control, CK; inorganic fertilizer, IF;
                      inorganic fertilizer plus manure, IFM) at a 29-year
                      long-term Mollisol experiment in Northeast China. We then
                      mixed the soil samples with 13C-labeled maize straw
                      (δ13C = 246.9‰), referred as CKS, IFS, and IFMS, and
                      incubated them in-situ for 360 days. Initial and incubated
                      soil samples were separated into four aggregate fractions
                      (> 2, 1–2, 0.25–1, and < 0.25 mm) using the
                      dry-sieving method, which counted $18\%,$ $17\%,$ $45\%,$
                      and $21\%$ (averages from the three initial soil samples),
                      respectively. Organic C content was highest in 0.25–1 mm
                      aggregate (6.9–9.6 g kg−1) prior to incubation, followed
                      by > 2 mm aggregates (2.2–5.8 g kg−1), 1–2 mm
                      aggregates (2.4–4.6 g kg−1), and < 0.25 mm aggregates
                      (3.3–4.5 g kg−1). After 360-day incubation with straw
                      incorporation, organic C content was 2.3–4.5 g kg−1,
                      2.9–5.0 g kg−1, 7.2–11 g kg−1 and 1.8–3.0 g kg−1
                      in > 2, 1–2, 0.25–1, and < 0.25 mm aggregates,
                      respectively, with the highest in the IFMS treatment.
                      Straw-derived C content was 0.02–0.05 g kg−1,
                      0.03–0.04 g kg−1, 0.11–0.13 g kg−1, and 0.05–0.10
                      g kg−1 in > 2, 1–2, 0.25–1, and < 0.25 mm
                      aggregates, respectively. The relative distribution of
                      straw-derived C was highest $(40–49\%)$ in 0.25–1 mm
                      aggregate, followed by < 0.25 mm aggregates $(21–31\%),$
                      1–2 mm aggregates $(13–15\%),$ and > 2 mm aggregates
                      $(9.4–16\%).$ During the incubation, the relative
                      distribution of straw-derived C exhibited a decrease in
                      > 2 mm and 1–2 mm aggregates, but an increase in the
                      < 0.25 mm aggregate. At the end of incubation, the
                      relative distribution of straw-derived C showed a decrease
                      in the 0.25–1 mm aggregate but an increase in the < 0.25
                      mm aggregate under the IFMS treatment. This study indicates
                      that more straw-derived C would be accumulated in smaller
                      aggregates over longer period in Mollisols, and combined
                      inorganic and organic fertilization is an effective measure
                      for C sequestration in Northeast China},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {600},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {2173 - Agro-biogeosystems: controls, feedbacks and impact
                      (POF4-217)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2173},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:34504261},
      UT           = {WOS:000695272000106},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41598-021-97546-3},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/902936},
}