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@ARTICLE{Zhang:903142,
      author       = {Zhang, Zhi-Hui and Hartner, Elena and Utinger, Battist and
                      Gfeller, Benjamin and Paul, Andreas and Sklorz, Martin and
                      Czech, Hendryk and Yang, Bin Xia and Su, Xin Yi and Jakobi,
                      Gert and Orasche, Jürgen and Schnelle-Kreis, Jürgen and
                      Jeong, Seongho and Gröger, Thomas and Pardo, Michal and
                      Hohaus, Thorsten and Adam, Thomas and Kiendler-Scharr,
                      Astrid and Rudich, Yinon and Zimmermann, Ralf and Kalberer,
                      Markus},
      title        = {{A}re reactive oxygen species ({ROS}) a suitable metric to
                      predict toxicity of carbonaceous aerosol particles?},
      journal      = {Atmospheric chemistry and physics / Discussions},
      issn         = {1680-7367},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {EGU},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-04866},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Abstract. It is being suggested that particle-bound or
                      particle-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), which
                      significantly contribute to the oxidative potential (OP) of
                      aerosol particles, are a promising metric linking aerosol
                      compositions to toxicity and adverse health effects.
                      However, accurate ROS quantification remains challenging due
                      to the reactive and short-lived nature of many ROS
                      components and the lack of appropriate analytical methods
                      for a reliable quantification. Consequently, it remains
                      difficult to gauge their impact on human health, especially
                      to identify how aerosol particle sources and atmospheric
                      processes drive particle-bound ROS formation in a real-world
                      urban environment. In this study, using a novel online
                      particle-bound ROS instrument (OPROSI), we comprehensively
                      characterized and compared the formation of ROS in secondary
                      organic aerosols (SOA) generated from organic compounds that
                      represent anthropogenic (naphthalene, SOANAP) and biogenic
                      (β-pinene, SOAβPIN) precursors. The SOA mass was condensed
                      onto soot particles (SP) under varied atmospherically
                      relevant conditions (photochemical aging and humidity). We
                      systematically analysed the ability of the aqueous extracts
                      of the two aerosol types (SOANAP-SP and SOAβPIN-SP) to
                      induce ROS production and OP. We further investigated
                      cytotoxicity and cellular ROS production after exposing
                      human lung epithelial cell cultures (A549) to extracts of
                      the two aerosols. A significant finding of this study is
                      that more than 90 $\%$ of all ROS components in both SOA
                      types have a short lifetime, highlighting the need to
                      develop online instruments for a meaningful quantification
                      of ROS. Our results also show that photochemical aging
                      promotes particle-bound ROS production and enhances the OP
                      of the aerosols. Compared to SOAβPIN-SP, SOANAP-SP elicited
                      a higher acellular and cellular ROS production, a higher OP
                      and a lower cell viability. These consistent results between
                      chemical-based and biological-based analyses indicate that
                      particle-bound ROS quantification could be a feasible metric
                      to predict aerosol particle toxicity and adverse human
                      effects. Moreover, the cellular ROS production caused by SOA
                      exposure not only depends on aerosol type, but is also
                      affected by exposure dose, highlighting a need to mimic the
                      process of particle deposition onto lung cells and their
                      interactions as realistically as possible to avoid unknown
                      biases.},
      cin          = {IEK-8},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013},
      pnm          = {2111 - Air Quality (POF4-211)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2111},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)25},
      doi          = {10.5194/acp-2021-666},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/903142},
}