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@ARTICLE{Poll:903176,
      author       = {Poll, S. and Shrestha, P. and Simmer, C.},
      title        = {{G}rid resolution dependency of land surface heterogeneity
                      effects on boundary‐layer structure},
      journal      = {Quarterly journal of the Royal Meteorological Society},
      volume       = {148},
      number       = {Part A},
      issn         = {0035-9009},
      address      = {Weinheim [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Wiley},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-04896},
      pages        = {141-158},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {Land surface heterogeneity exerts a strong control on
                      atmospheric boundary-layer (ABL) evolution by spatially
                      varying the distribution and partitioning of surface energy
                      fluxes and triggering secondary circulations. The
                      representation of this physical process in numerical weather
                      prediction (NWP) models is especially affected in the terra
                      incognita as the model grid resolution approaches the
                      length-scale of the largest eddies in the boundary layer. We
                      explore these effects for a mesoscale strip-like land
                      surface inhomogeneity in land cover, soil moisture or a
                      superposition of both embedded in an elsewhere homogeneous
                      landscape. The study is conducted with the numerical weather
                      prediction model ICON (ICOsahedral Nonhydrostatic), using
                      the default operational level 2.5 Mellor–Yamada turbulence
                      closure (MY) and a large-eddy simulation (LES) configuration
                      as a benchmark. While simulations with the default ABL
                      scheme approach the LES reference when refining the spatial
                      grid towards finer resolution, the model generates
                      artificial circulations leading to ABL height oscillations
                      when the horizontal grid resolution (∆𝑥) approaches the
                      ABL height (𝑧𝑖). The effect of these model-induced
                      circulations on the state of the boundary layer is even
                      present with weak thermal heterogeneity (∆𝐻) under low
                      background wind speed (𝑣𝑥) but diminishes with
                      increasing background wind speed. The tuning of the
                      asymptotic turbulent mixing length-scale (𝑙∞) in the
                      operational ABL scheme helps in reducing the amplitude of
                      the oscillations, thereby reducing the artificially induced
                      circulations due to thermal heterogeneity which might act as
                      unintentional trigger for clouds and precipitation. Based on
                      the tuned synthetic model data from sensitivity runs, we
                      propose a new parametrization for a 2-D 𝑙∞ as a
                      function of ∆𝐻, 𝑧𝑖/∆𝑥 and 𝑣𝑥, which is
                      otherwise held as a constant in the ABL scheme.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {2173 - Agro-biogeosystems: controls, feedbacks and impact
                      (POF4-217)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2173},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000718939300001},
      doi          = {10.1002/qj.4196},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/903176},
}