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@ARTICLE{Wolf:903678,
      author       = {Wolf, Stephanie and Dittrich, Lucy and Nohl, Markus and
                      Foit, Severin and Vinke, Izaak C. and de Haart, L. G. J. and
                      Eichel, Rüdiger-A.},
      title        = {{B}oundary {I}nvestigation of {H}igh-{T}emperature
                      {C}o-{E}lectrolysis {T}owards {D}irect {CO}2 electrolysis},
      journal      = {Journal of the Electrochemical Society},
      volume       = {103},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {0013-4651},
      address      = {Bristol},
      publisher    = {IOP Publishing},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-05327},
      pages        = {MA2021-03 215},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {In the temperature range of high temperature
                      co-electrolysis of both steam and carbon dioxide, the
                      reverse water-gas shift reaction (RWGS) takes place. Prior
                      studies were conducted with a narrow gas composition range
                      to investigate the role of RWGS during co-electrolysis. The
                      results for steam electrolysis, CO2 electrolysis, and
                      co-electrolysis caused different conclusions regarding the
                      role of electrochemical CO2 and H2O conversion compared to
                      RWGS during co-electrolysis. This work aims to resolve the
                      role of CO2 conversion as part of RWGS in co-electrolysis.
                      The boundary is characterized by AC and DC measurements over
                      a broad gas composition range from CO2 electrolysis towards
                      co-electrolysis with nearly $50\%eq$ H2O. Especially, the
                      electrochemical CO2 reduction and CO2 conversion in the RWGS
                      are compared to clarify their role during co-electrolysis.
                      The results revealed that gas composition determined the
                      predominant reaction (H2O or CO2 reduction). The cell
                      performance of co-electrolysis in the boundary region up to
                      $5\%eq$ H2O was similar to the performance of CO2
                      electrolysis. Up to $30\%eq$ H2O, the performance increases
                      with H2O concentration. Here, both CO2 and H2O electrolysis
                      occur. Above $30\%eq$ H2O, steam electrolysis and the RWGS
                      reaction both dominate the co-electrolysis process.},
      cin          = {IEK-9},
      ddc          = {660},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-9-20110218},
      pnm          = {1232 - Power-based Fuels and Chemicals (POF4-123) / HITEC -
                      Helmholtz Interdisciplinary Doctoral Training in Energy and
                      Climate Research (HITEC) (HITEC-20170406)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1232 / G:(DE-Juel1)HITEC-20170406},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000776887600001},
      doi          = {10.1149/1945-7111/ac5e45},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/903678},
}