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@ARTICLE{Sistla:904007,
      author       = {Sistla, Sree Koundinya and Mishra, Tarini Prasad and Deng,
                      Yuanbin and Kaletsch, Anke and Bram, Martin and Broeckmann,
                      Christoph},
      title        = {{P}olarity‐induced grain growth of gadolinium‐doped
                      ceria under field‐assisted sintering technology/spark
                      plasma sintering ({FAST}/{SPS}) conditions},
      journal      = {Journal of the American Ceramic Society},
      volume       = {104},
      number       = {5},
      issn         = {0002-7820},
      address      = {Westerville, Ohio},
      publisher    = {Soc.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-05577},
      pages        = {1978 - 1996},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {This study aims to understand the effect of the electrical
                      field on microstructure evolution during field-assisted
                      sintering or spark plasma sintering (FAST/SPS) of 10 $mol\%$
                      gadolinium-doped ceria (GDC) with experimental and numerical
                      methods. The novelty of this study has been the observation
                      of enhanced grain growth in the region closer to the anode,
                      even under FAST/SPS conditions with electrical fields less
                      than 5 V/cm. The grain growth kinetics, including
                      determination of activation energy and grain-boundary
                      mobility, were analyzed along the cross section of the
                      samples for different temperatures and dwell periods. With
                      an increase in distance from the anode, reduction in the
                      activation energy for grain growth and grain-boundary
                      mobility was observed. These observations attributed to the
                      attraction of oxygen ions to the anode region under an
                      electrical field with an increase in defects along the grain
                      boundaries. Thereby an increase in the grain-boundary
                      mobility and larger grains in that region were observed. A
                      homogenous microstructure was observed in a case where the
                      current did not flow through the sample. Furthermore, a
                      numerical strategy has also been developed to simulate this
                      behavior in addition to heat generation, heat transfer, and
                      densification using Finite Element Methods (FEM)
                      simulations. The simulation results provided an insight into
                      the presence of a potential difference across the cross
                      section of the samples. The simulation results were also in
                      good agreement with the experimental observations.},
      cin          = {IEK-1},
      ddc          = {660},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-1-20101013},
      pnm          = {1231 - Electrochemistry for Hydrogen (POF4-123)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1231},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000608699300001},
      doi          = {10.1111/jace.17614},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/904007},
}