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@ARTICLE{Marcantonio:904021,
      author       = {Marcantonio, Vera and Müller, Michael and Bocci, Enrico},
      title        = {{A} {R}eview of {H}ot {G}as {C}leaning {T}echniques for
                      {H}ydrogen {C}hloride {R}emoval from {B}iomass-{D}erived
                      {S}yngas},
      journal      = {Energies},
      volume       = {14},
      number       = {20},
      issn         = {1996-1073},
      address      = {Basel},
      publisher    = {MDPI},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-05591},
      pages        = {6519 -},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Considering the pressing challenges of supply security and
                      climate change, advanced processes to produce electricity
                      and biofuels from biomass have to be developed. Biomass
                      gasification is a very promising technology, but there is a
                      lack of comprehensive reviews, specifically on the
                      technologies for hydrogen chloride hot gas cleanup, which
                      are necessary in order to work at the same temperature and
                      respect the limits of advanced downstream components. In
                      this review, the Cl content of the main biomasses in Europe
                      is given, and data on syngas content and the tolerance of
                      downstream equipment are highlighted. Hot gas cleaning
                      technologies, which have the advantage of improved thermal
                      efficiency are reviewed, analyzing the thermodynamic and
                      primary and secondary methods. This review identifies NaAlO2
                      and Na2CO3 within 450–550 °C as the most effective
                      sorbents, which are able to reduce the concentration of HCl
                      below 1 ppm. Nevertheless, H2S cannot be simultaneously
                      removed and has to be removed first, because it reduces the
                      HCl adsorption sorbent capacity. V},
      cin          = {IEK-2},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-2-20101013},
      pnm          = {899 - ohne Topic (POF4-899)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-899},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000715090700001},
      doi          = {10.3390/en14206519},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/904021},
}