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@ARTICLE{Bisson:904034,
      author       = {Bisson, R. and Hodille, E. A. and Gaspar, J. and Douai, D.
                      and Wauters, T. and Gallo, A. and Gunn, J. and Hakola, A.
                      and Loarer, T. and Nouailletas, R. and Morales, J. and
                      Pégourié, B. and Reux, C. and Sabot, R. and Tsitrone, E.
                      and Vartanian, S. and Wang, E. and Fedorczak, N. and
                      Brezinsek, S.},
      title        = {{D}euterium and helium outgassing following plasma
                      discharges in {WEST}: {D}elayed {D} outgassing during
                      {D}-to-{H}e changeover experiments studied with threshold
                      ionization mass spectrometry},
      journal      = {Nuclear materials and energy},
      volume       = {26},
      issn         = {2352-1791},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-05604},
      pages        = {100885 -},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Threshold ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) is one of two
                      methods envisioned in ITER to quantify the helium (He)
                      fusion product in the exhaust pumping lines during plasma
                      discharges. We present the first demonstration of another
                      potential application of TIMS in a tokamak environment,
                      namely, the analysis of deuterium (D) and He outgassing
                      following a plasma discharge i.e. during the post-discharge.
                      This method has been tested with sub-second temporal
                      resolution in WEST during its first He plasma discharges in
                      the so-called He changeover experimental campaign. The
                      calibration method of TIMS using a D plasma discharge is
                      presented while the uncertainties related to TIMS during
                      rapid pressure variations, i.e. upon plasma breakdown and
                      plasma termination, are discussed. The first results
                      obtained with TIMS during consecutive D and He plasma
                      discharges in the full tungsten (W) tokamak WEST are
                      reported. It is found that the time evolutions for He and D
                      outgassing in the post-discharge are markedly different. On
                      one hand, He outgassing is instantaneous and decays within
                      60 s until the He signal gets below detection level. On the
                      other hand, D outgassing can reach a maximum up to several
                      tens of seconds after the termination of the plasma and this
                      outgassing can last for about 10 min. These striking
                      differences should be related to different retention and
                      outgassing from WEST plasma facing components, presently
                      constituted of actively-cooled ITER-like W units and
                      inertially cooled W-coated graphite. Potential mechanisms at
                      the origin of the different outgassing behavior for D and He
                      in W plasma facing components are discussed in light of a
                      systematic analysis of the He and D gas balance and a
                      macroscopic rate equation modeling of the D outgassing from
                      the divertor strike points.},
      cin          = {IEK-4},
      ddc          = {624},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-4-20101013},
      pnm          = {134 - Plasma-Wand-Wechselwirkung (POF4-134)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-134},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000628782500020},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.nme.2020.100885},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/904034},
}