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@ARTICLE{Liu:904059,
      author       = {Liu, R. and Hou, X. S. and Yang, S. Y. and Chen, C. and
                      Mao, Yiran and Wang, S. and Zhong, Z. H. and Zhang, Z. and
                      Lu, P. and Wu, Y. C.},
      title        = {{T}he effect of bonding temperature on the bending
                      behaviors and toughening mechanism of {W}/({T}i/{T}a/{T}i)
                      multilayer composites prepared by field activated sintering
                      technique},
      journal      = {Materials characterization},
      volume       = {172},
      issn         = {1044-5803},
      address      = {New York, NY},
      publisher    = {Science Direct},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-05629},
      pages        = {110875 -},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {The gradient layered structure is beneficial to improve
                      both strength and fracture toughness of tungsten. In this
                      study, a series of W/(Ti/Ta/Ti) multilayer composites with
                      gradient layered structure are prepared by field activated
                      sintering technique (FAST) with bonding temperatures ranging
                      from 1000 °C to 1400 °C. The results show that both the
                      microstructure and mechanical properties vary with bonding
                      temperatures. Both W and Ta diffuse into Ti layer to
                      stabilize β phase, resulting in the Ti layer with α/β
                      phase. The W/(Ti/Ta/Ti) composites bonded at 1200 °C
                      exhibited the highest flexural strength (1700 MPa)
                      attributed to excellent microstructure combination in the
                      different layers, which are elongated grains and fine
                      recrystallized grains in the W layer, and the martensite
                      basketweave microstructure in Ti layer. Shear bands can be
                      seen in the Ti layer with planar slip-bands and Ta layer
                      with wavy slip-bands. These plastic deformation behaviors
                      cannot be observed in the W layer because it is inherently
                      brittle, similar to ceramic. The toughening mechanism of the
                      W/(Ti/Ta/Ti) composites is as follows: crack deflection and
                      delamination between the interface, multi-crack propagation
                      in the W layer, and local shear deformation in the toughened
                      layer. The bending properties of W/(Ti/Ta/Ti) multilayer
                      composites are related to the interface and the gradient
                      structure of the toughened layer (Ti/Ta/Ti), which can guide
                      the design of the microstructure of the composites and
                      improve its mechanical properties.},
      cin          = {IEK-4},
      ddc          = {670},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-4-20101013},
      pnm          = {134 - Plasma-Wand-Wechselwirkung (POF4-134)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-134},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000620960100003},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.matchar.2021.110875},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/904059},
}