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@ARTICLE{Saki:904114,
      author       = {Saki, Zahra and Byranvand, Mahdi Malekshahi and Taghavinia,
                      Nima and Kedia, Mayank and Saliba, Michael},
      title        = {{S}olution-processed perovskite thin-films: the journey
                      from lab- to large-scale solar cells},
      journal      = {Energy $\&$ environmental science},
      volume       = {14},
      number       = {11},
      issn         = {1754-5692},
      address      = {Cambridge},
      publisher    = {RSC Publ.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-05684},
      pages        = {5690 - 5722},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {In the last decade, the power conversion efficiency (PCE)
                      of solution-processed perovskite solar cells (PSCs) in the
                      lab-scale has reached an incredible level of $25.5\%.$
                      Generally, PSCs are composed of a stack consisting of a
                      perovskite thin-film sandwiched between an electron
                      transporting layer (ETL) and a hole transporting layer
                      (HTL). Although the quality of the ETL and HTL interfaces
                      with the perovskite thin-film is important, the quality of
                      the perovskite thin-film is also critical to achieving
                      high-performance PSCs. Low-temperature deposition of
                      organic–inorganic perovskite thin-films by simple solution
                      processes is one of the significant advantages of PSCs
                      compared to other well-developed semiconductors for
                      manufacturing solar cells. However, growing highly uniform
                      and crystalline solution-processed perovskite thin-films is
                      very challenging due to multiple phenomena during film
                      formation, including solvent evaporation, wetting effects,
                      inhomogeneous film stress and uncontrolled nucleation and
                      growth. Therefore, understanding the different stages of
                      perovskite crystallization is critical for achieving
                      high-quality films and realizing higher PCEs. On the other
                      hand, switching to large-scale solar modules leads to a
                      substantial loss in performance, decreasing the chance of
                      commercialization of this technology. Therefore, developing
                      large-scale deposition techniques for reliable perovskite
                      crystallization is very vital for scaling up PSCs. So far,
                      several solution-processed methods such as anti-solvent and
                      two-step processes have been developed for lab-scale
                      perovskite thin-films deposition. However, these methods are
                      not applicable for large-scale perovskite deposition. This
                      review explores various scalable solution-processed
                      perovskite deposition techniques. Moreover, different
                      solvent quenching techniques as the most critical step of
                      large-scale perovskite crystallization are discussed to
                      provide a comprehensive view for achieving high-quality
                      perovskite thin-films with large areas. Finally, the
                      existing challenges and opportunities to push forward the
                      commercialization of PSCs are discussed.},
      cin          = {IEK-5},
      ddc          = {690},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-5-20101013},
      pnm          = {1213 - Cell Design and Development (POF4-121)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1213},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000700218500001},
      doi          = {10.1039/D1EE02018H},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/904114},
}