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@ARTICLE{NeupaneBhandari:904287,
      author       = {Neupane Bhandari, Srijana and Schlüter, Sabine and
                      Kuckshinrichs, Wilhelm and Schlör, Holger and Adamou,
                      Rabani and Bhandari, Ramchandra},
      title        = {{E}conomic feasibility of agrivoltaic systems in
                      {F}ood-{E}nergy {N}exus context: {M}odelling and a case
                      study in {N}iger},
      journal      = {Agronomy},
      volume       = {11},
      number       = {10},
      issn         = {2073-4395},
      address      = {Basel},
      publisher    = {MDPI},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-05857},
      pages        = {1906 -},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {In the literature, many studies outline the advantages of
                      agrivoltaic (APV) systems from different viewpoints:
                      optimized land use, productivity gain in both the energy and
                      water sector, economic benefits, etc. A holistic analysis of
                      an APV system is needed to understand its full advantages.
                      For this purpose, a case study farm size of 0.15 ha has been
                      chosen as a reference farm at a village in Niger, West
                      Africa. Altogether four farming cases are considered. They
                      are traditional rain-fed, irrigated with diesel-powered
                      pumps, irrigated with solar pumps, and the APV system. The
                      APV system is further analyzed under two scenarios: benefits
                      to investors and combined benefits to investors and farmers.
                      An economic feasibility analysis model is developed.
                      Different economic indicators are used to present the
                      results: gross margin, farm profit, benefit-cost ratio, and
                      net present value (NPV). All the economic indicators
                      obtained for the solar-powered irrigation system were
                      positive, whereas all those for the diesel-powered system
                      were negative. Additionally, the diesel system will emit
                      annually about 4005 kg CO2 to irrigate the chosen reference
                      farm. The land equivalent ratio (LER) was obtained at 1.33
                      and 1.13 for two cases of shading-induced yield loss
                      excluded and included, respectively.},
      cin          = {IEK-STE},
      ddc          = {640},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-STE-20101013},
      pnm          = {1112 - Societally Feasible Transformation Pathways
                      (POF4-111)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1112},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000717120700001},
      doi          = {10.3390/agronomy11101906},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/904287},
}