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@ARTICLE{Sindram:904322,
      author       = {Sindram, Julian and Krüsmann, Marcel and Otten, Marius and
                      Pauly, Thomas and Nagel-Steger, Luitgard and Karg, Matthias},
      title        = {{V}ersatile {R}oute toward {H}ydrophobically
                      {P}olymer-{G}rafted {G}old {N}anoparticles from {A}queous
                      {D}ispersions},
      journal      = {The journal of physical chemistry / B},
      volume       = {125},
      number       = {29},
      issn         = {1089-5647},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {Soc.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-05892},
      pages        = {8225 - 8237},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Stabilization of gold nanoparticles in organic solvents is
                      a key challenge in making them available for a wider range
                      of material applications. Polymers are often used as
                      stabilizing ligands because they also allow for the
                      introduction of new properties and functionalities. Many of
                      the established synthesis protocols for gold nanoparticles
                      are water-based. However, the insolubility of many synthetic
                      polymers in water renders the direct functionalization of
                      aqueous particle dispersions with these ligands difficult.
                      Here, we report on an approach for the functionalization of
                      gold nanoparticles, which were prepared by aqueous
                      synthesis, with hydrophobic polymer ligands and their
                      characterization in nonpolar, organic dispersions. Our
                      method employs an auxiliary ligand to first transfer gold
                      nanoparticles from an aqueous to an organic medium. In the
                      organic phase, the auxiliary ligand is then displaced by
                      thiolated polystyrene ligands to form a dense polymer brush
                      on the particle surface. We characterize the structure of
                      the ligand shell using electron microscopy, scattering
                      techniques, and ultracentrifugation and analyze the
                      influence of the molecular weight of the polystyrene ligands
                      on the structure of the polymer brush. We further
                      investigate the colloidal stability of
                      polystyrene-functionalized gold nanoparticles in various
                      organic solvents. Finally, we extend the use of our protocol
                      from small, spherical gold nanoparticles to larger gold
                      nanorods and nanocubes.},
      cin          = {IBI-7},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBI-7-20200312},
      pnm          = {5244 - Information Processing in Neuronal Networks
                      (POF4-524)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5244},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {34260239},
      UT           = {WOS:000680434200029},
      doi          = {10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c03772},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/904322},
}