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@ARTICLE{Grob:904347,
      author       = {Grob, Leroy and Rinklin, Philipp and Zips, Sabine and
                      Mayer, Dirk and Weidlich, Sabrina and Terkan, Korkut and
                      Weiß, Lennart J. K. and Adly, Nouran and Offenhäusser,
                      Andreas and Wolfrum, Bernhard},
      title        = {{I}nkjet-{P}rinted and {E}lectroplated 3{D} {E}lectrodes
                      for {R}ecording {E}xtracellular {S}ignals in {C}ell
                      {C}ulture},
      journal      = {Sensors},
      volume       = {21},
      number       = {12},
      issn         = {1424-8220},
      address      = {Basel},
      publisher    = {MDPI},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-05917},
      pages        = {3981 -},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Recent investigations into cardiac or nervous tissues call
                      for systems that are able to electrically record in 3D as
                      opposed to 2D. Typically, challenging microfabrication steps
                      are required to produce 3D microelectrode arrays capable of
                      recording at the desired position within the tissue of
                      interest. As an alternative, additive manufacturing is
                      becoming a versatile platform for rapidly prototyping novel
                      sensors with flexible geometric design. In this work, 3D
                      MEAs for cell-culture applications were fabricated using a
                      piezoelectric inkjet printer. The aspect ratio and height of
                      the printed 3D electrodes were user-defined by adjusting the
                      number of deposited droplets of silver nanoparticle ink
                      along with a continuous printing method and an appropriate
                      drop-to-drop delay. The Ag 3D MEAs were later electroplated
                      with Au and Pt in order to reduce leakage of potentially
                      cytotoxic silver ions into the cellular medium. The
                      functionality of the array was confirmed using impedance
                      spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and recordings of
                      extracellular potentials from cardiomyocyte-like HL-1 cell},
      cin          = {IBI-3},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBI-3-20200312},
      pnm          = {5244 - Information Processing in Neuronal Networks
                      (POF4-524)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5244},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {34207725},
      UT           = {WOS:000667881000001},
      doi          = {10.3390/s21123981},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/904347},
}