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@ARTICLE{Shao:904434,
      author       = {Shao, Ying and Zhu, Linyan and Chen, Zhongli and Thalmann,
                      Beat and Zhou, Shangbo and Hollert, Henner and Seiler,
                      Thomas-Benjamin},
      title        = {{E}vidence of increased estrogenicity upon metabolism of
                      {B}isphenol {F} - {E}lucidation of the key metabolites},
      journal      = {The science of the total environment},
      volume       = {787},
      issn         = {0048-9697},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-06004},
      pages        = {147669 -},
      year         = {2021},
      note         = {Post-print- ist nicht vorhanden},
      abstract     = {The increasing concern over bisphenol A (BPA) has directed
                      much attention toward bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S
                      (BPS) as BPA alternatives for the development of
                      “BPA-free” products. Consequently, BPS and BPF were
                      frequently detected in surface water, sediment, sewage
                      effluent, indoor dust, and even in food and biological
                      fluids in humans. Thus, environmental researches start to
                      focus on the potential environmental risks of BPA
                      alternatives. While the estrogenically active metabolites
                      and the specific estrogenically active structure are still
                      unknown. In this study, the MTT assay on acute cytotoxicity
                      and the recombinant transactivation assay were carried out
                      to determine whether BPF and BPS are suitable alternatives
                      to BPA. Our results show that the cytotoxic and estrogenic
                      activities of BPS and BPF are lower than those of BPA.
                      However, after the addition of a rat liver homogenate to
                      simulate mammal metabolism, BPF exhibited higher estrogenic
                      activity than BPA. To identify the chemical structures and
                      estrogen receptor binding affinities of active estrogenic
                      metabolites, LC-MS, MetaPrint2D(-React), and VirtualToxLab
                      were integrated. The observed results indicated that the
                      para-hydroxylated BPF and BPF-OCH3 might have strong ER
                      binding affinities. These results demonstrate that
                      metabolization is important to consider upon investigating
                      endocrine disruption of chemicals getting into contact with
                      humans, such as in dental sealing or food packaging.
                      Alternatives to potentially hazardous substances should be
                      thoroughly tested prior to use.},
      cin          = {ZEA-3},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)ZEA-3-20090406},
      pnm          = {2151 - Terrestrial ecosystems of the future (POF4-215)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2151},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {34000551},
      UT           = {WOS:000662581400015},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147669},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/904434},
}