000904457 001__ 904457 000904457 005__ 20230815122835.0 000904457 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.5194/essd-13-4437-2021 000904457 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1866-3508 000904457 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1866-3516 000904457 0247_ $$2Handle$$a2128/29664 000904457 0247_ $$2altmetric$$aaltmetric:113425942 000904457 0247_ $$2WOS$$aWOS:000695652800001 000904457 037__ $$aFZJ-2021-06027 000904457 082__ $$a550 000904457 1001_ $$00000-0001-9757-8017$$aSchalge, Bernd$$b0$$eCorresponding author 000904457 245__ $$aPresentation and discussion of the high-resolution atmosphere–land-surface–subsurface simulation dataset of the simulated Neckar catchment for the period 2007–2015 000904457 260__ $$aKatlenburg-Lindau$$bCopernics Publications$$c2021 000904457 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 000904457 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 000904457 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1650622535_30454 000904457 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 000904457 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 000904457 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 000904457 520__ $$aCoupled numerical models, which simulate water and energy fluxes in the subsurface–land-surface–atmosphere system in a physically consistent way, are a prerequisite for the analysis and a better understanding of heat and matter exchange fluxes at compartmental boundaries and interdependencies of states across these boundaries. Complete state evolutions generated by such models may be regarded as a proxy of the real world, provided they are run at sufficiently high resolution and incorporate the most important processes. Such a simulated reality can be used to test hypotheses on the functioning of the coupled terrestrial system. Coupled simulation systems, however, face severe problems caused by the vastly different scales of the processes acting in and between the compartments of the terrestrial system, which also hinders comprehensive tests of their realism. We used the Terrestrial Systems Modeling Platform (TerrSysMP), which couples the meteorological Consortium for Small-scale Modeling (COSMO) model, the land-surface Community Land Model (CLM), and the subsurface ParFlow model, to generate a simulated catchment for a regional terrestrial system mimicking the Neckar catchment in southwest Germany, the virtual Neckar catchment. Simulations for this catchment are made for the period 2007–2015 and at a spatial resolution of 400 m for the land surface and subsurface and 1.1 km for the atmosphere. Among a discussion of modeling challenges, the model performance is evaluated based on observations covering several variables of the water cycle. We find that the simulated catchment behaves in many aspects quite close to observations of the real Neckar catchment, e.g., concerning atmospheric boundary-layer height, precipitation, and runoff. But also discrepancies become apparent, both in the ability of the model to correctly simulate some processes which still need improvement, such as overland flow, and in the realism of some observation operators like the satellite-based soil moisture sensors. The whole raw dataset is available for interested users. 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