% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded.  This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.

@ARTICLE{Ni:904463,
      author       = {Ni, Bang and Zhang, Wei and Xu, Xiuchun and Wang, Ligang
                      and Bol, Roland and Wang, Kaiyong and Hu, Zhengjiang and
                      Zhang, Haixia and Meng, Fanqiao},
      title        = {{E}xponential relationship between {N}2{O} emission and
                      fertilizer nitrogen input and mechanisms for improving
                      fertilizer nitrogen efficiency under intensive plastic-shed
                      vegetable production in {C}hina: {A} systematic analysis},
      journal      = {Agriculture, ecosystems $\&$ environment},
      volume       = {312},
      issn         = {0167-8809},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-06033},
      pages        = {107353 -},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Currently, China has approximately four million hectares of
                      intensively cultivated plastic-shed vegetable production,
                      i.e., with excessive nitrogen (N) fertilization and high
                      irrigation. Plastic-shed vegetable production has helped
                      meet the rapidly increasing consumer demand for fresh
                      vegetables while improving heat, light, and land utilization
                      efficiencies, resulting in very high vegetable yield. We
                      collected all studies from the 1980s to 2020 on N2O
                      emissions and N fertilization associated with plastic-shed
                      vegetable production at 40 field sites in China. Fertilizer
                      N utilization efficiencies and N2O emissions that were
                      affected by fertilizer N rate and type, irrigation, growth
                      duration, nitrification inhibitors, and soil properties were
                      systematically examined. The results revealed that
                      fertilizer N efficiencies in plastic-shed vegetable
                      production significantly decreased with increasing N
                      fertilization rate. The average N recovery efficiency (REN)
                      and apparent N use efficiency (ANUE) were 6.8 $\%$ and 33
                      $\%,$ respectively; much lower than those of cereal crop
                      production in the same region. In fruit and leafy vegetable
                      production, N2O emissions exhibited an exponential and
                      linear relationship with the fertilizer N rate,
                      respectively, and the average contributions of fertilizer N
                      to N2O emissions were 68 $\%$ and 70 $\%,$ respectively.
                      Compared with synthetic N fertilizer or manure alone,
                      combination of synthetic fertilizer with animal manure
                      significantly increased the N2O emissions and emission
                      factors (EFs) at high N fertilization rates (>800 kg N
                      ha−1 season−1), but there were no significant
                      differences among fertilizer types at N rate <800 kg N
                      ha−1 season−1. Nitrification inhibitors reduced N2O
                      emissions by 24.0 $\%$ (95 $\%$ confidence intervals [CI]:
                      19.2 $\%–28.9$ $\%),$ and water-saving irrigation is the
                      other effective measure to reduce emissions. Plastic-shed
                      soils with neutral pH, high organic carbon content (> 30 g
                      kg−1), growth period of >100 d, and higher irrigation
                      increased the responses of N2O emission to N fertilization.
                      As plastic-shed soils are continuously and intensively
                      farmed, soil properties will be negatively affected, and
                      should be considered together with fertilization and
                      irrigation to maintain high vegetable yield and low N2O
                      emissions. Our study highlighted that the exponential
                      relationship was more appropriate to predict the N2O
                      emissions in plastic-shed vegetable production, and our
                      findings help to optimize fertilizer N input with
                      consideration of crop yield and greenhouse gas emission.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {640},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {2173 - Agro-biogeosystems: controls, feedbacks and impact
                      (POF4-217)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2173},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000632877300006},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.agee.2021.107353},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/904463},
}