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@ARTICLE{Curcio:904577,
      author       = {Curcio, Davide and Pakdel, Sahar and Volckaert, Klara and
                      Miwa, Jill A. and Ulstrup, Søren and Lanatà, Nicola and
                      Bianchi, Marco and Kutnyakhov, Dmytro and Pressacco,
                      Federico and Brenner, Günter and Dziarzhytski, Siarhei and
                      Redlin, Harald and Agustsson, Steinn Ymir and Medjanik,
                      Katerina and Vasilyev, Dmitry and Elmers, Hans-Joachim and
                      Schönhense, Gerd and Tusche, Christian and Chen, Ying-Jiun
                      and Speck, Florian and Seyller, Thomas and Bühlmann, Kevin
                      and Gort, Rafael and Diekmann, Florian and Rossnagel, Kai
                      and Acremann, Yves and Demsar, Jure and Wurth, Wilfried and
                      Lizzit, Daniel and Bignardi, Luca and Lacovig, Paolo and
                      Lizzit, Silvano and Sanders, Charlotte E.},
      title        = {{U}ltrafast electronic linewidth broadening in the {C} 1 s
                      core level of graphene},
      journal      = {Physical review / B},
      volume       = {104},
      number       = {16},
      issn         = {1098-0121},
      address      = {Woodbury, NY},
      publisher    = {Inst.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-06147},
      pages        = {L161104},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {We show that the presence of a transiently excited hot
                      electron gas in graphene leads to a substantial broadening
                      of the C 1s line probed by time-resolved x-ray photoemission
                      spectroscopy. The broadening is found to be caused by an
                      exchange of energy and momentum between the photoemitted
                      core electron and the hot electron gas, rather than by
                      vibrational excitations. This interpretation is supported by
                      a quantitative line-shape analysis that accounts for the
                      presence of the excited electrons. Fitting the spectra to
                      this model directly yields the electronic temperature of the
                      system, in good agreement with electronic temperature values
                      obtained from valence band data. Furthermore, we show how
                      the momentum change of the outgoing core electrons leads to
                      a detectable but very small change in the time-resolved
                      photoelectron diffraction pattern and to a nearly complete
                      elimination of the core level binding energy variation
                      associated with the presence of a narrow σ band in the C 1s
                      state.},
      cin          = {PGI-6},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-6-20110106},
      pnm          = {5211 - Topological Matter (POF4-521)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5211},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000705624300002},
      doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevB.104.L161104},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/904577},
}