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@ARTICLE{Battistel:904605,
      author       = {Battistel, F. and Varbanov, B. M. and Terhal, B. M.},
      title        = {{H}ardware-{E}fficient {L}eakage-{R}eduction {S}cheme for
                      {Q}uantum {E}rror {C}orrection with {S}uperconducting
                      {T}ransmon {Q}ubits},
      journal      = {PRX quantum},
      volume       = {2},
      number       = {3},
      issn         = {2691-3399},
      address      = {College Park, MD},
      publisher    = {American Physical Society},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-06175},
      pages        = {030314},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Leakage outside of the qubit computational subspace poses a
                      threatening challenge to quantum error correction (QEC). We
                      propose a scheme using two leakage-reduction units (LRUs)
                      that mitigate these issues for a transmon-based surface
                      code, without requiring an overhead in terms of hardware or
                      QEC-cycle time as in previous proposals. For data qubits, we
                      consider a microwave drive to transfer leakage to the
                      readout resonator, where it quickly decays, ensuring that
                      this negligibly disturbs the computational states for
                      realistic system parameters. For ancilla qubits, we apply a
                      |1⟩↔|2⟩π pulse conditioned on the measurement
                      outcome. Using density-matrix simulations of the distance-3
                      surface code, we show that the average leakage lifetime is
                      reduced to almost one QEC cycle, even when the LRUs are
                      implemented with limited fidelity. Furthermore, we show that
                      this leads to a significant reduction of the logical error
                      rate. This LRU scheme opens the prospect for near-term
                      scalable QEC demonstrations.},
      cin          = {PGI-11},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-11-20170113},
      pnm          = {5221 - Advanced Solid-State Qubits and Qubit Systems
                      (POF4-522)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5221},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000680528300001},
      doi          = {10.1103/PRXQuantum.2.030314},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/904605},
}