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@ARTICLE{Wang:904621,
      author       = {Wang, Jiayue and Boltes, Maik and Seyfried, Armin and
                      Tordeux, Antoine and Zhang, Jun and Weng, Wenguo},
      title        = {{E}xperimental study on age and gender differences in
                      microscopic movement characteristics of students},
      journal      = {Chinese physics / B},
      volume       = {30},
      number       = {9},
      issn         = {1009-1963},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {IOP Publishing},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2021-06191},
      pages        = {098902},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Campus security has aroused many concerns from the whole
                      society. Stampede is one of the most frequent and
                      influential accidents in campus. Studies on pedestrian
                      dynamics especially focusing on students are essential for
                      campus security, which are helpful to improve facility
                      design and emergency evacuation strategy. In this paper,
                      primary and middle school students were recruited to
                      participate in the single-file experiments. The microscopic
                      movement characteristics, including walking speed, headway,
                      gait characteristics (step length, step frequency and
                      swaying amplitude) and their relations were investigated.
                      Age and gender differences in the headway-speed diagram and
                      space requirements were analyzed by statistical tests. The
                      results indicated that the impacts of age and gender were
                      significant. There were three stages for the influence of
                      gender on the headway-speed diagram for both age groups. The
                      impacts on students’ space requirements were consistent
                      for different age and gender groups. But the impact of age
                      and gender on free-flow speed were affected by each other.
                      Due to the connection of walking speed and gait
                      characteristics, the comparisons of gait characteristics
                      between different ages and genders were performed to
                      understand the corresponding differences in speed more
                      deeply. The results showed that differences in step length
                      and swaying amplitude between males and females were
                      significant for both age groups. The effect of gender on
                      step frequency was significant for primary students. But for
                      middle school students, whether gender had significant
                      impact on step frequency was not clear here because of the
                      large P-value. Besides, the influence of age on gait
                      characteristics changed with gender.},
      cin          = {IAS-7},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-7-20180321},
      pnm          = {5111 - Domain-Specific Simulation $\&$ Data Life Cycle Labs
                      (SDLs) and Research Groups (POF4-511)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5111},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000697647600001},
      doi          = {10.1088/1674-1056/ac11d4},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/904621},
}