%0 Journal Article %A Pauli, Ruth %A Kohls, Gregor %A Tino, Peter %A Rogers, Jack C. %A Baumann, Sarah %A Ackermann, Katharina %A Bernhard, Anka %A Martinelli, Anne %A Jansen, Lucres %A Oldenhof, Helena %A Gonzalez-Madruga, Karen %A Smaragdi, Areti %A Gonzalez-Torres, Miguel Angel %A Kerexeta-Lizeaga, Iñaki %A Boonmann, Cyril %A Kersten, Linda %A Bigorra, Aitana %A Hervas, Amaia %A Stadler, Christina %A Fernandez-Rivas, Aranzazu %A Popma, Arne %A Konrad, Kerstin %A Herpertz-Dahlmann, Beate %A Fairchild, Graeme %A Freitag, Christine M. %A Rotshtein, Pia %A De Brito, Stephane A. %T Machine learning classification of conduct disorder with high versus low levels of callous-unemotional traits based on facial emotion recognition abilities %J European child & adolescent psychiatry %V 2021 %@ 1018-8827 %C Heidelberg %I Springer %M FZJ-2022-00504 %P %D 2021 %X Conduct disorder (CD) with high levels of callous-unemotional traits (CD/HCU) has been theoretically linked to specific difficulties with fear and sadness recognition, in contrast to CD with low levels of callous-unemotional traits (CD/LCU). However, experimental evidence for this distinction is mixed, and it is unclear whether these difficulties are a reliable marker of CD/HCU compared to CD/LCU. In a large sample (N = 1263, 9–18 years), we combined univariate analyses and machine learning classifiers to investigate whether CD/HCU is associated with disproportionate difficulties with fear and sadness recognition over other emotions, and whether such difficulties are a reliable individual-level marker of CD/HCU. We observed similar emotion recognition abilities in CD/HCU and CD/LCU. The CD/HCU group underperformed relative to typically developing (TD) youths, but difficulties were not specific to fear or sadness. Classifiers did not distinguish between youths with CD/HCU versus CD/LCU (52% accuracy), although youths with CD/HCU and CD/LCU were reliably distinguished from TD youths (64% and 60%, respectively). In the subset of classifiers that performed well for youths with CD/HCU, fear and sadness were the most relevant emotions for distinguishing them from youths with CD/LCU and TD youths, respectively. We conclude that non-specific emotion recognition difficulties are common in CD/HCU, but are not reliable individual-level markers of CD/HCU versus CD/LCU. These findings highlight that a reduced ability to recognise facial expressions of distress should not be assumed to be a core feature of CD/HCU. %F PUB:(DE-HGF)16 %9 Journal Article %$ 34661765 %U <Go to ISI:>//WOS:000708405100003 %R 10.1007/s00787-021-01893-5 %U https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/905221