% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded.  This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.

@ARTICLE{DicksonIjioma:905663,
      author       = {Dickson Ijioma, Uche and Wendland, Frank and Herd, Rainer},
      title        = {{C}haracterizing groundwater vulnerability in developing
                      urban settings using {DRASTIC}-{L}u{P}a approach: {A} case
                      study of {A}ba {C}ity, {N}igeria},
      journal      = {African journal of environmental science and technology},
      volume       = {15},
      number       = {12},
      issn         = {1996-0786},
      address      = {[S.l.]},
      publisher    = {Academic Journals},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-00890},
      pages        = {540-559},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {The impact of certain unregulated land-use activities harms
                      the quality of water resources and reduces the sufficiency
                      of drinking water in many developing countries. This study
                      aimed to capture the impact of such activities and evaluate
                      the specific groundwater vulnerability using a modified
                      DRASTIC approach. The DRASTIC-LuPa was proposed and
                      implemented for Aba City, Nigeria by incorporating land-use
                      and the impact of pumping layers to the “intrinsic”
                      DRASTIC parameters. The results of the analysis revealed
                      that the area classified as “low” was 15 and $79.1\%$ as
                      “medium” and $5.9\%$ as “high” vulnerability classes
                      for the DRASTIC. Whereas for the DRASTIC-LuPa model $3.2\%$
                      for “low”, $54.3\%$ for “medium”, $41.8\%$ for
                      “high” and $0.7\%$ for “very high” were found. The
                      transitions in the vulnerability classes of areas displaying
                      “high” and “very high” found in the DRASTIC-LuPa
                      model represent the impact of urban hotspots observed in the
                      area. This result implies that groundwater protection
                      measures should be implemented in the area designated with
                      “low” and “medium” vulnerability classes and used
                      for abstracting clean water for drinking purposes. The
                      proposed model enhances the predictability and guarantees
                      better transferability of the approach in urban settings
                      with similar urban trends.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {690},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {2173 - Agro-biogeosystems: controls, feedbacks and impact
                      (POF4-217)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2173},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      doi          = {10.5897/AJEST2021.3068},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/905663},
}