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@ARTICLE{Cooper:905800,
      author       = {Cooper, Nathanial and Horend, Christian and Röben, Fritz
                      and Bardow, André and Shah, Nilay},
      title        = {{A} framework for the design $\&$ operation of a
                      large-scale wind-powered hydrogen electrolyzer hub},
      journal      = {International journal of hydrogen energy},
      volume       = {47},
      number       = {14},
      issn         = {0360-3199},
      address      = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-01020},
      pages        = {8671-8686},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {Due to the threat of climate change, renewable feedstocks
                      $\&$ alternative energy carriers are becoming more necessary
                      than ever. One key vector is hydrogen, which can fulfil
                      these roles and is a renewable resource when split from
                      water using renewable electricity. Electrolyzers are often
                      not designed for variable operation, such as power from
                      sources like wind or solar. This work develops a framework
                      to optimize the design and operation of a large-scale
                      electrolyzer hub under variable power supply. The framework
                      is a two-part optimization, where designs of repeated,
                      modular units are optimized, then the entire system is
                      optimized based on those modular units. The framework is
                      tested using a case study of an electrolyzer hub powered by
                      a Dutch wind farm to minimize the levelized cost of
                      hydrogen. To understand how the optimal design changes,
                      three power profiles are examined, including a steady power
                      supply, a representative wind farm power supply, and the
                      same wind farm power supply compressed in time. The work
                      finds the compressed power profile uses PEM technology which
                      can ramp up and down more quickly. The framework determines
                      for this case study, pressurized alkaline electrolyzers with
                      large stacks are the cheapest modular unit, and while a
                      steady power profile resulted in the cheapest hydrogen,
                      costing 4.73 €/kg, the typical wind power profile only
                      raised the levelized cost by $2\%–4.82$ €/kg. This
                      framework is useful for designing large-scale electrolysis
                      plants and understanding the impact of specific design
                      choices on the performance of a plant.},
      cin          = {IEK-10},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-10-20170217},
      pnm          = {1121 - Digitalization and Systems Technology for
                      Flexibility Solutions (POF4-112)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1121},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000768763300001},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.12.225},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/905800},
}