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@ARTICLE{Richter:906021,
      author       = {Richter, Nils and David, Lara-Sophia and Grothe, Michel J.
                      and Teipel, Stefan and Dietlein, Markus and Tittgemeyer,
                      Marc and Neumaier, Bernd and Fink, Gereon R. and Onur,
                      Oezguer A. and Kukolja, Juraj},
      title        = {{A}ge and {A}nterior {B}asal {F}orebrain {V}olume {P}redict
                      the {C}holinergic {D}eficit in {P}atients with {M}ild
                      {C}ognitive {I}mpairment due to {A}lzheimer’s {D}isease},
      journal      = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease},
      volume       = {86},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {1387-2877},
      address      = {Amsterdam},
      publisher    = {IOS Press},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-01186},
      pages        = {425-440},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {Abstract.Background: Early and severe neuronal loss in the
                      cholinergic basal forebrain is observed in Alzheimer’s
                      disease (AD). Todate, cholinomimetics play a central role in
                      the symptomatic treatment of AD dementia. Although basic
                      research indicatesthat a cholinergic deficit is present in
                      AD before dementia, the efficacy of cholinomimetics in mild
                      cognitive impairment(MCI) remains controversial. Predictors
                      of cholinergic impairment could guide individualized
                      therapy.Objective: To investigate if the extent of the
                      cholinergic deficit, measured using positron emission
                      tomography (PET) and thetracer 11C-N-methyl-4-piperidyl
                      acetate (MP4A), could be predicted from the volume of
                      cholinergic basal forebrain nucleiin non-demented AD
                      patients.Methods: Seventeen patients with a high likelihood
                      of MCI due to AD and 18 age-matched cognitively healthy
                      adultsunderwent MRI-scanning. Basal forebrain volume was
                      assessed using voxel-based morphometry and a
                      cytoarchitectonicatlas of cholinergic nuclei. Cortical
                      acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was measured using
                      MP4A-PET.Results: Cortical AChE activity and nucleus basalis
                      of Meynert (Ch4 area) volume were significantly decreased in
                      MCI.The extent of the cholinergic deficit varied
                      considerably across patients. Greater volumes of anterior
                      basal forebrain nuclei(Ch1/2 area) and younger age
                      (Spearman’s rho(17) = –0.596, $95\%-CI$ [–0.905,
                      –0.119] and 0.593, $95\%-CI$ [0.092, 0.863]))were
                      associated with a greater cholinergic deficit.Conclusion:
                      Data suggest that less atrophy of the Ch1/2 area and younger
                      age are associated with a more significant
                      cholinergicdeficit in MCI due to AD. Further investigations
                      are warranted to determine if the individual response to
                      cholinomimeticscan be inferred from these measures.Keywords:
                      Acetylcholinesterase, aging, MP4A, nucleus basalis of
                      Meynert, positron emission tomography},
      cin          = {INM-3},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-3-20090406},
      pnm          = {5251 - Multilevel Brain Organization and Variability
                      (POF4-525)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5251},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {35068451},
      UT           = {WOS:000768536700025},
      doi          = {10.3233/JAD-210261},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/906021},
}