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@ARTICLE{Paetzke:906341,
      author       = {Paetzke, Sarah and Boltes, Maik and Seyfried, Armin},
      title        = {{I}nfluence of individual factors on fundamental diagrams
                      of pedestrians},
      journal      = {Physica / A},
      volume       = {595},
      issn         = {0378-4371},
      address      = {Amsterdam},
      publisher    = {North Holland Publ. Co.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-01379},
      pages        = {127077 -},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {In recent years, numerous studies have been published
                      dealing with the effect of individual characteristics of
                      pedestrians on the fundamental diagram. These studies
                      compared cumulative data on individuals in a group
                      homogeneous in terms of one human factor such as age but
                      heterogeneous in terms of other factors for instance gender.
                      In order to examine the effect of all determined as well as
                      undetermined human factors, individual fundamental diagrams
                      are introduced and analyzed using multiple linear
                      regression. A single-file school experiment with students of
                      different age, gender, and height is therefore considered.
                      Single individuals appearing in different runs are analyzed
                      to study the effect of human factors such as height, age and
                      gender and all other unknown individual effects such as
                      motivation or attention to the individual speed. The
                      analysis shows that for students age and height are strongly
                      correlated and, consequently, age can be ignored.
                      Furthermore, the study shows that gender has a weak effect
                      and other nonmeasurable individual characteristics have a
                      stronger effect than height. In a further step, a mixed
                      model is used as well as the multiple linear model. Here, it
                      is shown that the mixed model that considers all other
                      unknown individual effects of each person as a random factor
                      is preferable to the model where the individual speed only
                      depends on the variables of headway, height, and all other
                      unknown individual effects as fixed factors.},
      cin          = {IAS-7},
      ddc          = {500},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-7-20180321},
      pnm          = {5111 - Domain-Specific Simulation $\&$ Data Life Cycle Labs
                      (SDLs) and Research Groups (POF4-511)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5111},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000806158500011},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.physa.2022.127077},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/906341},
}