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@PHDTHESIS{Shokoohimehr:906358,
      author       = {Shokoohimehr, Pegah},
      title        = {{N}anostraw-{N}anocavity {MEA}s as a new tool for long-term
                      and high sensitive recording of neuronal signals},
      volume       = {76},
      school       = {RWTH Aachen University},
      type         = {Dissertation},
      address      = {Jülich},
      publisher    = {Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-01387},
      isbn         = {978-3-95806-593-2},
      series       = {Schriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich Reihe Information
                      / Information},
      pages        = {xi, 136},
      year         = {2021},
      note         = {Dissertation, RWTH Aachen University, 2021},
      abstract     = {Electrical measurement of neuronal signals has enabled
                      fundamental discoveries in neuroscience.Patch clamp method
                      as a key standard of electrophysiological device has been
                      shown an access tothe interior single cell using an
                      electrode. Via this method recording of the signals from the
                      entirespectrum of the membrane potentials, from action
                      potential down to sub-threshold signals such aspost synaptic
                      potentials, is feasible. Due to the invasive nature of this
                      method, long term recordingof the cell is challenging.
                      Extracellular electrodes, such as microelectrode arrays, in
                      contrast enablelong term recordings of neuronal networks.
                      However, these electrodes can only measure a fractionof the
                      action potentials, which is due to the lack of proper
                      cell-electrode coupling and high noiseof the electrodes.
                      Research in the last decade has been focused on overcoming
                      these limitations.Development of the vertical 3D
                      nanoelectrodes has allowed to access the cell’s interior,
                      howeverin most cases after the application of external
                      forces such as opto/electro-poration, and thereforethese
                      transient methods are not suitable for long term
                      recordings.In this thesis, I developed nanostructure
                      microelectrodes by associating two approaches ofnanostraws
                      and nanocavities. Using nanostraws facilitate penetration to
                      the cell membrane, andthe introduction of nanocavities
                      provide high seal-resistance. The
                      spontaneouselectrophysiological recording using our
                      nanoelectrodes demonstrate both extracellular
                      andintracellular $(20\%$ of cases) action potentials of
                      cortical rat neurons over long period of time. Thisapproach
                      enables the continuous high signal to noise ratio recordings
                      with high sensitivity and theability to record post synaptic
                      potentials. To further improve the spatial resolution of
                      neuronalnetwork recordings, our nanoelectrodes can be
                      integrated to CMOS-devices, which is of greatinterest for
                      the neurophysiological studies},
      cin          = {IBI-3},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBI-3-20200312},
      pnm          = {899 - ohne Topic (POF4-899)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-899},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)3 / PUB:(DE-HGF)11},
      urn          = {urn:nbn:de:0001-2022040621},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/906358},
}