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@ARTICLE{Horsthemke:906589,
      author       = {Horsthemke, Fabian and Peschel, Christoph and Kösters,
                      Kristina and Nowak, Sascha and Kuratani, Kentaro and
                      Takeuchi, Tomonari and Mikuriya, Hitoshi and Schmidt,
                      Florian and Sakaebe, Hikari and Kaskel, Stefan and Osaka,
                      Tetsuya and Winter, Martin and Nara, Hiroki and
                      Wiemers-Meyer, Simon},
      title        = {{I}dentification of {S}oluble {D}egradation {P}roducts in
                      {L}ithium–{S}ulfur and {L}ithium-{M}etal {S}ulfide
                      {B}atteries},
      journal      = {Separations},
      volume       = {9},
      number       = {3},
      issn         = {2297-8739},
      address      = {Basel},
      publisher    = {MDPI},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-01540},
      pages        = {57 -},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {Most commercially available lithium ion battery systems and
                      some of their possible successors, such as lithium
                      (metal)-sulfur batteries, rely on liquid organic
                      electrolytes. Since the electrolyte is in contact with both
                      the negative and the positive electrode, its electrochemical
                      stability window is of high interest. Monitoring the
                      electrolyte decomposition occurring at these electrodes is
                      key to understand the influence of chemical and
                      electrochemical reactions on cell performance and to
                      evaluate aging mechanisms. In the context of lithium-sulfur
                      batteries, information about the analysis of soluble species
                      in the electrolytes—besides the well-known lithium
                      polysulfides—is scarcely available. Here, the irreversible
                      decomposition reactions of typically ether-based
                      electrolytes will be addressed. Gas chromatography in
                      combination with mass spectrometric detection is able to
                      deliver information about volatile organic compounds.
                      Furthermore, it is already used to investigate similar
                      samples, such as electrolytes from other battery types,
                      including lithium ion batteries. The method transfer from
                      these reports and from model experiments with non-target
                      analyses are promising tools to generate knowledge about the
                      system and to build up suitable strategies for
                      lithium-sulfur cell analyses. In the presented work, the aim
                      is to identify aging products emerging in electrolytes
                      regained from cells with sulfur-based cathodes.
                      Higher-molecular polymerization products of ether-based
                      electrolytes used in lithium-sulfur batteries are
                      identified. Furthermore, the reactivity of the lithium
                      polysulfides with carbonate-based solvents is investigated
                      in a worst-case scenario and carbonate sulfur
                      cross-compounds identified for target analyses. None of the
                      target molecules are found in carbonate-based electrolytes
                      regained from operative lithium-titanium sulfide cells, thus
                      hinting at a new aging mechanism in these systems.},
      cin          = {IEK-12},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-12-20141217},
      pnm          = {1221 - Fundamentals and Materials (POF4-122)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1221},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000776366800001},
      doi          = {10.3390/separations9030057},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/906589},
}