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@ARTICLE{Adhitama:906958,
      author       = {Adhitama, Egy and Dias Brandao, Frederico and Dienwiebel,
                      Iris and Bela, Marlena M. and Javed, Atif and Haneke, Lukas
                      and Stan, Marian C. and Winter, Martin and Gomez-Martin,
                      Aurora and Placke, Tobias},
      title        = {{P}re‐{L}ithiation of {S}ilicon {A}nodes by {T}hermal
                      {E}vaporation of {L}ithium for {B}oosting the {E}nergy
                      {D}ensity of {L}ithium {I}on {C}ells},
      journal      = {Advanced functional materials},
      volume       = {32},
      number       = {22},
      issn         = {1057-9257},
      address      = {Weinheim},
      publisher    = {Wiley-VCH},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-01776},
      pages        = {2201455 -},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {Silicon (Si) is one of the most promising anode candidates
                      to further push the energy density of lithium ion batteries.
                      However, its practical usage is still hindered by parasitic
                      side reactions including electrolyte decomposition and
                      continuous breakage and (re-)formation of the solid
                      electrolyte interphase (SEI), leading to consumption of
                      active lithium. Pre-lithiation is considered a highly
                      appealing technique to compensate for active lithium losses.
                      A critical parameter for a successful pre-lithiation
                      strategy by means of Li metal is to achieve lithiation of
                      the active material/composite anode at the most uniform
                      lateral and in-depth distribution possible. Despite
                      extensive exploration of various pre-lithiation techniques,
                      controlling the lithium amount precisely while keeping a
                      homogeneous lithium distribution remains challenging. Here,
                      the thermal evaporation of Li metal as a novel
                      pre-lithiation technique for pure Si anodes that allows
                      both, that is, precise control of the degree of
                      pre-lithiation and a homogeneous Li deposition at the
                      surface is reported. Li nucleation, mechanical cracking, and
                      the ongoing phase changes are thoroughly evaluated. The
                      terms dry-state and wet-state pre-lithiation (without/with
                      electrolyte) are revisited. Finally, a series of
                      electrochemical methods are performed to allow a direct
                      correlation of pre-SEI formation with the electrochemical
                      performance of pre-lithiated Si.},
      cin          = {IEK-12},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-12-20141217},
      pnm          = {1221 - Fundamentals and Materials (POF4-122)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1221},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000771566700001},
      doi          = {10.1002/adfm.202201455},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/906958},
}