% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded.  This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.

@ARTICLE{Cao:907459,
      author       = {Cao, Pengfei and Tang, Pengyi and Bekheet, Maged F. and Du,
                      Hongchu and Yang, Luyan and Haug, Leander and Gili, Albert
                      and Bischoff, Benjamin and Gurlo, Aleksander and Kunz,
                      Martin and Dunin-Borkowski, Rafal E. and Penner, Simon and
                      Heggen, Marc},
      title        = {{A}tomic-{S}cale {I}nsights into {N}ickel {E}xsolution on
                      {L}a{N}i{O} 3 {C}atalysts via {I}n {S}itu {E}lectron
                      {M}icroscopy},
      journal      = {The journal of physical chemistry / C},
      volume       = {126},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {1932-7447},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {Soc.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-02051},
      pages        = {786 - 796},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {Using a combination of insitu bulk and surface
                      characterization techniques, we provide atomic-scale insight
                      into the complex surface and bulk dynamics of a LaNiO3
                      perovskite material during heating in vacuo. Driven by the
                      outstanding activity LaNiO3 in the methane dry reforming
                      reaction (DRM), attributable to the decomposition of LaNiO3
                      during DRM operation into a Ni//La2O3 composite, we reveal
                      the Ni exsolution dynamics both on a local and global scale
                      by insitu electron microscopy, insitu X-ray diffraction and
                      insitu X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. To reduce the
                      complexity and disentangle thermal from self-activation and
                      reaction-induced effects, we embarked on a heating
                      experiment in vacuo under comparable experimental conditions
                      in all methods. Associated with the Ni exsolution, the
                      remaining perovskite grains suffer a drastic shrinkage of
                      the grain volume and compression of the structure. Ni
                      particles mainly evolve at grain boundaries and stacking
                      faults. Sophisticated structure analysis of the elemental
                      composition by electron-energy loss mapping allows us to
                      disentangle the distribution of the different structures
                      resulting from LaNiO3 decomposition on a local scale.
                      Important for explaining the DRM activity, our results
                      indicate that most of the Ni moieties are oxidized and that
                      the formation of NiO occurs preferentially at grain edges,
                      resulting from the reaction of the exsolved Ni particles
                      with oxygen released from the perovskite lattice during
                      decomposition via a spillover process from the perovskite to
                      the Ni particles. Correlating electron microscopy and X-ray
                      diffraction data allows us to establish a sequential
                      two-step process in the decomposition of LaNiO3 via a
                      Ruddlesden–Popper La2NiO4 intermediate structure.
                      Exemplified for the archetypical LaNiO3 perovskite material,
                      our results underscore the importance of focusing on both
                      surface and bulk characterization for a thorough
                      understanding of the catalyst dynamics and set the stage for
                      a generalized concept in the understanding of state-of-the
                      art catalyst materials on an atomic level.},
      cin          = {ER-C-1},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)ER-C-1-20170209},
      pnm          = {5351 - Platform for Correlative, In Situ and Operando
                      Characterization (POF4-535)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5351},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000739933000001},
      doi          = {10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c09257},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/907459},
}