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@ARTICLE{Krcher:907537,
      author       = {Kärcher, A. and Riesch, J. and Almanstötter, P. and
                      Manhard, A. and Balden, M. and Coenen, J. W. and Hunger, K.
                      and Maier, H. and Raumann, L. and Schwalenberg, D. and Neu,
                      R.},
      title        = {{D}euterium retention in tungsten fiber-reinforced tungsten
                      composites},
      journal      = {Nuclear materials and energy},
      volume       = {27},
      issn         = {2352-1791},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-02069},
      pages        = {100972 -},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {In future fusion reactors, plasma-facing materials (PFMs)
                      have to withstand unique conditions such as high
                      temperatures, ion and neutron irradiation. Tungsten (W) has
                      been established as main candidate material due to its
                      favorable properties regarding the fusion environment but
                      brings one major challenge: Its brittleness at moderate
                      temperatures can lead to failure of tungsten components.
                      Tungsten fiber-reinforced tungsten (Wf/W), a tungsten matrix
                      containing drawn tungsten fibers, was developed to mitigate
                      this problem by using extrinsic toughening mechanisms to
                      achieve pseudo-ductility. The deuterium (D) retention in
                      Wf/W manufactured by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) has
                      been investigated using Wf/W single layered model systems
                      consisting of a single plane of unidirectional tungsten
                      fibers embedded in a tungsten matrix produced by CVD.
                      Various parameters with potential influence on the D
                      retention, such as the choice of an erbium oxide interface
                      and potassium doping, have been included in the
                      investigation. The samples have been ground to varying
                      distances between surface and fiber plane - exposing
                      distinct details of the Wf/W microstructures at the surface.
                      The samples were exposed to a low temperature D plasma at
                      370 K for 72 h resulting in a total fluence of 1025
                      D/m2. The D retention of all samples was measured by nuclear
                      reaction analysis (NRA) and thermal desorption spectroscopy
                      (TDS). The D retention in Wf/W composites is higher than in
                      reference samples made from hot-rolled W by factors between
                      2 and 5. In addition, a comparison of NRA and TDS data
                      indicates that D penetrates faster into the depth of Wf/W
                      material than into hot-rolled tungsten.},
      cin          = {IEK-4 / IEK-5},
      ddc          = {624},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-4-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-5-20101013},
      pnm          = {134 - Plasma-Wand-Wechselwirkung (POF4-134)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-134},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000657474100006},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.nme.2021.100972},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/907537},
}