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@PHDTHESIS{Nandakumaran:908217,
      author       = {Nandakumaran, Nileena},
      title        = {{S}elf-assembly of {A}u-{F}e3{O}4 dumbbell nanoparticles},
      volume       = {264},
      school       = {RWTH Aachen University},
      type         = {Dissertation},
      address      = {Jülich},
      publisher    = {Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-02468},
      isbn         = {978-3-95806-666-3},
      series       = {Schriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich Reihe
                      Schlüsseltechnologien / Key Technologies},
      pages        = {xiv, 234},
      year         = {2022},
      note         = {Dissertation, RWTH Aachen University, 2022},
      abstract     = {A dumbbell nanoparticle (DBNP) system consists of an
                      optically active Au seed particle on which a magnetic iron
                      oxide nanoparticle (IONP) is heterogeneously grown. Control
                      and manipulation of these multi-functional hetero-structures
                      have applications as a dual-probe for biomedical imaging, in
                      catalysis, sensing, optics, photonics and electronics. This
                      thesis investigates the magnetic field-induced self-assembly
                      in diverse DBNPs, with different sizes of Au and IONPs
                      coated with oleic acid and oleylamine and dispersed in
                      toluene. The effects of DBNPs’ complex morphology
                      arecompared and contrasted to self-assembly studies on the
                      IONPs’, which are singlephase spherical counterparts.
                      Direct comparison simplifies the understanding of broad
                      parameter space, including the size of the Au seed and the
                      grown IONP, their size distribution, the thickness of
                      surfactant coating around the nanoparticle, concentration in
                      a dispersion, composition, magnetic structure, and strength
                      of the magnetic field. A multiscale experimental approach is
                      adopted to analyze the structure and magnetic properties to
                      link it to the self-assembly phenomenon. Microscopy
                      combinedwith local atomic structure obtained from
                      synchrotron x-ray pair distribution function (xPDF) is used
                      to reveal local crystal structure, crystallinity, size and
                      distortion induced at the surface. Macroscopic magnetic
                      measurements along with polarized neutron scattering reveal
                      the magnetic behavior. Small-angle x-ray and neutron
                      scattering (SAXS/SANS) measurements are exploited to observe
                      and analyze selfassembling patterns. Real-space analysis of
                      such patterns is achieved through reverse Monte Carlo (RMC)
                      simulations. Spherical IONPs reversibly form 1D chains
                      thatalign, straighten with magnetic field. On the other
                      hand, 1D and 2D chains are observed with DBNPs in an applied
                      magnetic field. The assemblies are classified into three
                      categories based on the anisotropy in the 2D scattering
                      pattern. Moreover, due to the unique morphology and
                      orientation effects, the chains formed by DBNPs within these
                      categories have head-to-tail or side-by-side arrangement.
                      Shape-induced mechanisms governed by a dimensionless
                      parameter are suggested to play a vital role in determining
                      assembly formation.},
      cin          = {JCNS-2 / PGI-4 / JARA-FIT},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)JCNS-2-20110106 / I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-4-20110106 /
                      $I:(DE-82)080009_20140620$},
      pnm          = {632 - Materials – Quantum, Complex and Functional
                      Materials (POF4-632) / 6G4 - Jülich Centre for Neutron
                      Research (JCNS) (FZJ) (POF4-6G4)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-632 / G:(DE-HGF)POF4-6G4},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-MLZ)KWS1-20140101 / EXP:(DE-MLZ)KWS2-20140101 /
                      EXP:(DE-MLZ)KWS3-20140101 / EXP:(DE-MLZ)MARIA-20140101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)3 / PUB:(DE-HGF)11},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/908217},
}