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@ARTICLE{Schwan:908267,
      author       = {Schwan, Stefan and Khezami, Arbia and Hohnholz, Janina and
                      Lerche, Christoph W and Shah, N. J.},
      title        = {{A} software-based approach for calculating spatially
                      resolved radiation exposure for structural radiation
                      protection in nuclear medical imaging},
      journal      = {Journal of radiological protection},
      volume       = {42},
      number       = {2},
      issn         = {0260-2814},
      address      = {Bristol},
      publisher    = {IOP Publ.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-02501},
      pages        = {021531},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {The objective of the work described is the development of a
                      software tool to provide the calculation routines for
                      structural radiation protection from positron and gamma
                      emitters, for example, 18F. The calculation of the generated
                      local annual dose in the vicinity of these radioactive
                      sources supports the engineering of structural measures
                      necessary to meet regulatory guidelines. In addition to
                      accuracy and precision, a visual and intuitive presentation
                      of the calculation results enables fast evaluation. Finally,
                      the calculated results are presented in a contour plot for
                      design, evaluation, and documentation purposes. A python
                      program was used to provide the calculation routines for
                      structural radiation protection. For simplicity, the
                      radiating sources can be considered as point sources. The
                      attenuation of structural elements can be specified or, in
                      the case of lead, calculated by virtue of its thickness. The
                      calculated attenuation for the lead shielding is always
                      slightly underestimated, which leads to a marginally higher
                      calculated local dose rate than would be physically present.
                      With the conservatively determined value, the structural
                      radiation protection can be optimised in accordance with the
                      general rule of as low as reasonably achievable. The
                      pointwise comparison between the software results and the
                      standard procedure for calculating the dose of points in
                      space leads to similar values. In comparison with the
                      general approach of calculating single representative points
                      in the radiation protection area, the visual and intuitive
                      presentation of the results supports the design and
                      documentation of the measures required for structural
                      radiation protection. In the present version of the
                      software, the local dose rate and local annual dose are
                      overestimated by a maximum of $4.5\%$ in the case of lead
                      shields. The proposed software, termed RadSoft, was
                      successfully used to develop the structural radiation
                      protection of a controlled area for hybrid magnetic
                      resonance - positron emission tomography imaging, with the
                      focus herein being on the requirements for PET.},
      cin          = {INM-4 / INM-11 / JARA-BRAIN},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-4-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)INM-11-20170113 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)VDB1046},
      pnm          = {5253 - Neuroimaging (POF4-525)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5253},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {35705007},
      UT           = {WOS:000818550200001},
      doi          = {10.1088/1361-6498/ac7916},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/908267},
}