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| 001 | 908443 | ||
| 005 | 20221230131817.0 | ||
| 024 | 7 | _ | |a 10.1038/s41586-022-05012-5 |2 doi |
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| 100 | 1 | _ | |a Wright, Corwin J. |0 P:(DE-HGF)0 |b 0 |e Corresponding author |
| 245 | _ | _ | |a Surface-to-space atmospheric waves from Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai eruption |
| 260 | _ | _ | |a London [u.a.] |c 2022 |b Nature Publ. Group |
| 336 | 7 | _ | |a article |2 DRIVER |
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| 336 | 7 | _ | |a Journal Article |0 0 |2 EndNote |
| 520 | _ | _ | |a The January 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption was one of the most explosive volcanic events of the modern era, producing a vertical plume which peaked > 50 km above the Earth. The initial explosion and subsequent plume triggered atmospheric waves which propagated around the world multiple times. A global-scale wave response of this magnitude from a single source has not previously been observed. Here we show the details of this response, using a comprehensive set of satellite and ground-based observations to quantify it from surface to ionosphere. A broad spectrum of waves was triggered by the initial explosion, including Lamb waves propagating at phase speeds of 318.2±6 m/s at surface level and between 308±5 to 319±4 m/s in the stratosphere, and gravity waves propagating at 238±3 to 269±3 m/s in the stratosphere. Gravity waves at sub-ionospheric heights have not previously been observed propagating at this speed or over the whole Earth from a single source. Latent heat release from the plume remained the most significant individual gravity wave source worldwide for > 12 hours, producing circular wavefronts visible across the Pacific basin in satellite observations. A single source dominating such a large region is also unique in the observational record. The Hunga Tonga eruption represents a key natural experiment in how the atmosphere responds to a sudden point-source-driven state change, which will be of use for improving weather and climate models. |
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| 700 | 1 | _ | |a Hindley, Neil P. |0 P:(DE-HGF)0 |b 1 |
| 700 | 1 | _ | |a Alexander, M. Joan |0 0000-0003-2495-3597 |b 2 |
| 700 | 1 | _ | |a Barlow, Mathew |0 0000-0002-7612-3811 |b 3 |
| 700 | 1 | _ | |a Hoffmann, Lars |0 P:(DE-Juel1)129125 |b 4 |
| 700 | 1 | _ | |a Mitchell, Cathryn N. |0 P:(DE-HGF)0 |b 5 |
| 700 | 1 | _ | |a Prata, Fred |0 P:(DE-HGF)0 |b 6 |
| 700 | 1 | _ | |a Bouillon, Marie |0 P:(DE-HGF)0 |b 7 |
| 700 | 1 | _ | |a Carstens, Justin |0 0000-0003-0396-3980 |b 8 |
| 700 | 1 | _ | |a Clerbaux, Cathy |0 0000-0003-0394-7200 |b 9 |
| 700 | 1 | _ | |a Osprey, Scott M. |0 0000-0002-8751-1211 |b 10 |
| 700 | 1 | _ | |a Powell, Nick |0 P:(DE-HGF)0 |b 11 |
| 700 | 1 | _ | |a Randall, Cora E. |0 P:(DE-HGF)0 |b 12 |
| 700 | 1 | _ | |a Yue, Jia |0 P:(DE-HGF)0 |b 13 |
| 773 | _ | _ | |a 10.1038/s41586-022-05012-5 |0 PERI:(DE-600)1413423-8 |p 741–746 |t Nature |v 609 |y 2022 |x 0028-0836 |
| 856 | 4 | _ | |u https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/908443/files/420487_2_merged_1653579833.pdf |y OpenAccess |
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