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@ARTICLE{BuerhopLutz:908995,
      author       = {Buerhop-Lutz, Claudia and Pickel, Tobias and Stroyuk,
                      Oleksandr and Hauch, Jens and Peters, Ian Marius},
      title        = {{I}nsulation resistance in relation to distribution of
                      backsheet types in strings and inverters},
      journal      = {Solar energy materials $\&$ solar cells},
      volume       = {246},
      issn         = {0927-0248},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {NH, Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-02937},
      pages        = {111913},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {Polymers are essential for long-term green energy
                      production by photovoltaics (PV). We created a unique
                      dataset that links electrical performance data of 28,030 PV
                      modules, combined into 1295 strings and 423 inverters with
                      the identity of the backsheet (BS) materials of each of the
                      tested modules. This dataset gives an insight into
                      BS-versatility and resulting impact on the insulation
                      resistance of strings and inverters. The BSs were analyzed
                      using near infrared absorption spectroscopy (NIRA) plus
                      visual inspection in the field. The insulation resistance
                      (Riso) of selected modules and strings was measured on-site.
                      Furthermore, reported ground impedance (GI) values were
                      evaluated with respect to an inverter-specific threshold
                      below which the inverters do not start operation. We
                      differentiated seven BS-types, the three most frequent being
                      polyamide (PA), fluorinated coating (FC), and polyvinylidene
                      fluoride (PVDF). Although modules with PA show often BS
                      cracking, the insulation resistance was above the threshold.
                      Similar, the GI of inverters with modules with PVDF-BSs was
                      high. Modules with FC-BSs feature generally low
                      Riso–values on module-, string-, and on inverter level.
                      Evaluating historic data reveals an increase in frequency of
                      GI-values below the threshold for inverters connected to
                      modules with exclusively FC-BSs. While inverters with
                      modules having PA- or PVDF-BSs function as expected,
                      inverters with modules having FC-BSs require maintenance to
                      keep power yield on an acceptable level. The dataset
                      collected in the present work highlights that the choice of
                      BS-material of PV-modules is essential for reliable
                      operation of PV power stations.},
      cin          = {IEK-11},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-11-20140314},
      pnm          = {1212 - Materials and Interfaces (POF4-121)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1212},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000862591400002},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.solmat.2022.111913},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/908995},
}