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@ARTICLE{Tsai:909155,
      author       = {Tsai, Chih−Long and Thuy Tran, Ngoc Thanh and Schierholz,
                      Roland and Liu, Zigeng and Windmüller, Anna and Lin, Che-an
                      and Xu, Qi and Lu, Xin and Yu, Shicheng and Tempel, Hermann
                      and Kungl, Hans and Lin, Shih-kang and Eichel, Rüdiger-A.},
      title        = {{I}nstability of {G}a-substituted {L}i 7 {L}a 3 {Z}r 2 {O}
                      12 toward metallic {L}i},
      journal      = {Journal of materials chemistry / A},
      volume       = {10},
      number       = {20},
      issn         = {2050-7488},
      address      = {London ˜[u.a.]œ},
      publisher    = {RSC},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-03034},
      pages        = {10998 - 11009},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {Ga-substituted Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) garnet is among the most
                      promising solid electrolytes for next-generation
                      all-solid-state Li battery (SSLB) applications due to its
                      very high Li-ion conductivity. However, the attempts to use
                      Ga-substituted LLZO as a solid electrolyte for SSLBs are not
                      yet successful. Here, the research results show that
                      Li6.4Ga0.2La3Zr2O12 can be reduced by Li at 25 C when the
                      surface of the material is properly cleaned. The
                      experimental results suggest that Ga leached out of the
                      garnet structure to form the Li–Ga alloy, which apparently
                      would short-circuit the battery if Ga-substituted LLZO is
                      used as a solid electrolyte. When low concentration
                      Ga-substitution is applied, e.g.
                      Li6.45Ga0.05La3Zr1.6Ta0.4O12, the material seems stable
                      against Li at ambient temperature but not at high
                      temperatures, where heat treatment is usually used to reduce
                      the interfacial resistance between Li and LLZO. The
                      experimental results are also supported by density
                      functional theory calculations to show that the
                      Ga-substituted LLZO/Li interface tends to transform into
                      LLZO and the Li2Ga intermetallic compound. The results
                      highlight the importance of substitution selection for LLZO,
                      for which the Ga-substituted LLZO solid electrolyte may not
                      be suitable for direct contact with metallic Li},
      cin          = {IEK-9 / IEK-12},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-9-20110218 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-12-20141217},
      pnm          = {1223 - Batteries in Application (POF4-122) / LiSi -
                      Lithium-Solid-Electrolyte Interfaces (13XP0224B) / CatSe -
                      Interfaces and Interphases in Rechargeable Li Based
                      Batteries: Cathode/Solid Electrolyte (13XP0223A) / HIPSTER -
                      Deployment of high pressure and temperature food processing
                      for sustainable, safe and nutritious foods with fresh-like
                      quality (635643)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1223 / G:(BMBF)13XP0224B / G:(BMBF)13XP0223A
                      / G:(EU-Grant)635643},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000787357800001},
      doi          = {10.1039/D1TA10215J},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/909155},
}