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@ARTICLE{Geoerg:909291,
      author       = {Geoerg, Paul and Schumann, Jette and Boltes, Maik and
                      Kinateder, Max},
      title        = {{H}ow people with disabilities influence crowd dynamics of
                      pedestrian movement through bottlenecks},
      journal      = {Scientific reports},
      volume       = {12},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2045-2322},
      address      = {[London]},
      publisher    = {Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-03104},
      pages        = {14273},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {Despite considerable research efforts, most controlled
                      empirical studies on crowd movement usually rely on
                      homogeneous crowds, i.e., research participants are
                      typically young adults without disabilities. Consequently,
                      relatively little is known about pedestrian movement in more
                      diverse and heterogeneous crowd conditions, e.g., when
                      persons with reduced mobility are present. This gap may be
                      particularly relevant at bottlenecks, along the path of a
                      moving crowd, that limit the capacity of pedestrian flow.
                      Here, we present results from 12 studies in which
                      participants (total N = 252) with and without visible
                      disabilities moved together in a crowd. In each study,
                      groups of participants walked together in a hallway with a
                      bottleneck at the end. The point of speed adoption,
                      distances between neighbours, and behavioural activities
                      were analysed. We found (1) that participants with
                      disabilities reduced their speed further away from the
                      bottleneck than participants without disabilities; (2)
                      participants without disabilities stayed closer to neighbors
                      with disabilities than to neighbors without disabilities;
                      and (3) participants interacted and communicated with each
                      other to organise in front of the bottleneck. These results
                      underline the importance of studying representative and
                      heterogeneous samples in crowd dynamics. We also argue that
                      more interdisciplinary research is needed to better
                      understand the dynamics of interactions between neighbors in
                      a crowd. A more nuanced understanding of pedestrian dynamics
                      holds the promise of improving the validity of simulation
                      tools such as movement and evacuation models.},
      cin          = {IAS-7},
      ddc          = {600},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-7-20180321},
      pnm          = {5111 - Domain-Specific Simulation $\&$ Data Life Cycle Labs
                      (SDLs) and Research Groups (POF4-511) / Verbundprojekt:
                      Sicherheit für Menschen mit körperlicher, geistiger oder
                      altersbedingter Beeinträchtigung (SiME) - Teilvorhaben:
                      Parameterstudien für die sichere Evakuierung heterogener
                      Personengruppen (13N13950)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5111 / G:(BMBF)13N13950},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {35995966},
      UT           = {WOS:000844144900037},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41598-022-18142-7},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/909291},
}