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@INPROCEEDINGS{Wilden:909858,
      author       = {Wilden, Andreas and Geist, Andreas and Modolo, Giuseppe},
      title        = {{P}rocess development studies for the separation of
                      trivalent actinides from used nuclear fuel solutions},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-03471},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {For the future application of nuclear electricity
                      production and improvements of sustainability, further
                      advancements of the nuclear fuel cycle and innovative
                      reactor concepts are considered.1 In Europe, several
                      research projects were funded by the European Commission and
                      the German government, addressing innovative
                      hydrometallurgical processes for the separation of actinides
                      from used nuclear fuel.2, 3 The objectives included the
                      development of processes for the separation of the trivalent
                      minor actinides (An(III)) americium and curium from a PUREX
                      (Plutonium Uranium Reduc-tion Extraction) process raffinate.
                      Due to the high radioactivity and share of spontaneous
                      fission in the decay of curium isotopes, any fabrication of
                      curium containing nuclear fuel would require special
                      handling and a facility with high level of shielding.
                      Therefore, the research recently focused on the even more
                      challenging development of an effective method for
                      separating Am(III) alone.The processes are based on either
                      the selective extraction of the desired metal ions, or their
                      selective back-extraction from a loaded organic phase.
                      Diglycolamides are often used for the complexation of
                      trivalent actinides and lanthanides and provide high
                      distribution ratios from process relevant nitric acid
                      concentrations, beneficial kinetics, and stability against
                      hydrolysis and radiolysis.4, 5 Nitrogen-donor ligands can
                      provide the required selectivity for An(III) over Ln(III) or
                      even Am(III) over Cm(III).6 Understanding the fundamental
                      complexation mechanisms and complex structures are crucial
                      for successful process development.This presentation will
                      give an overview of the current state of process development
                      in Europe. Examples of successful process demonstrations
                      will be given.7-10 They include the investigation of
                      lipophilic and hydrophilic ligands for the (selective)
                      complexation of actinide metal ions.AcknowledgementsFunding
                      for this research was provided by the European Commission
                      through the PATRICIA project (grant agree-ment number
                      945077), the German Ministry of Education and Research
                      through the f-Char project (02NUK059D), as well as the
                      German Ministry of Economic Affairs and Energy through the
                      SEPAM project (02E11921A).References1. OECD-NEA, Strategies
                      and Considerations for the Back End of the Fuel Cycle, OECD
                      Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA), Boulogne-Billancourt, France,
                      2021.2. A. Geist, J.-M. Adnet, S. Bourg, et al., Separ. Sci.
                      Technol., 2021, 56, 1866-1881.3. T. L. Authen, J.-M. Adnet,
                      S. Bourg, et al., Separ. Sci. Technol., 2021,
                      DOI:10.1080/01496395.2021.2001531.4. Y. Sasaki, Y. Sugo, S.
                      Suzuki, et al., Solvent Extr. Ion Exch., 2001, 19, 91-103.5.
                      S. A. Ansari, P. Pathak, P. K. Mohapatra, et al., Chem.
                      Rev., 2012, 112, 1751-1772.6. P. J. Panak and A. Geist,
                      Chem. Rev., 2013, 113, 1199-1236.7. A. Wilden, G. Modolo, C.
                      Schreinemachers, et al., Solvent Extr. Ion Exch., 2013, 31,
                      519-537.8. A. Wilden, G. Modolo, P. Kaufholz, et al., Sep.
                      Sci. Technol., 2015, 50, 2467-2475.9. A. Wilden, G. Modolo,
                      P. Kaufholz, et al., Solvent Extr. Ion Exch., 2015, 33,
                      91-108.10. A. Wilden, D. Schneider, Z. Paparigas, et al.,
                      Radiochim. Acta, 2022, DOI:10.1515/ract-2022-0014.},
      month         = {Sep},
      date          = {2022-09-21},
      organization  = {Actinides Revisited (AnRev) 2022,
                       Dresden (Germany), 21 Sep 2022 - 23 Sep
                       2022},
      subtyp        = {Other},
      cin          = {IEK-6},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-6-20101013},
      pnm          = {1412 - Predisposal (POF4-141) / GENIORS - GEN IV Integrated
                      Oxide fuels recycling strategies (755171) / PATRICIA -
                      Partitioning And Transmuter Research Initiative in a
                      Collaborative Innovation Action (945077) / Verbundprojekt
                      f-Char: Spektroskopische Charakterisierung von
                      f-Element-Komplexen mit soft donor-Liganden, Teilprojekt D
                      (02NUK059D) / Verbundprojekt: Untersuchungen zur SEParation
                      von AMericium aus hochradioaktiven Abfalllösungen (SEPAM),
                      Teilprojekt A (02E11921A)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1412 / G:(EU-Grant)755171 /
                      G:(EU-Grant)945077 / G:(BMBF)02NUK059D / G:(BMWi)02E11921A},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)6},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/909858},
}