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@INPROCEEDINGS{Shimoura:909873,
      author       = {Shimoura, Renan and Roque, Antonio C. and van Albada,
                      Sacha},
      title        = {{A}lpha rhythm generators in a full-density spiking
                      thalamocortical microcircuit model},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-03482},
      year         = {2022},
      note         = {References: [1] Clayton, M. S., Yeung, N., $\&$ Cohen
                      Kadosh, R. (2017). The many characters of visual alpha
                      oscillations. European Journal of Neuroscience.,
                      10.1111/ejn.13747; [2] Silva, L., Amitai, Y., $\&$ Connors,
                      B. (1991). Intrinsic oscillations of neocortex generated by
                      layer 5 pyramidal neurons. Science, 251(4992), 432–435.,
                      10.1126/science.1824881; [3] Roberts, J. A., $\&$ Robinson,
                      P. A. (2008). Modeling absence seizure dynamics:
                      implications for basic mechanisms and measurement of
                      thalamocortical and corticothalamic latencies. Journal of
                      Theoretical Biology, 253(1), 189–201.,
                      10.1016/j.jtbi.2008.03.005; [4] Van Kerkoerle, T., Self, M.
                      W., Dagnino, B., Gariel-Mathis, M. A., Poort, J., Van Der
                      Togt, C., $\&$ Roelfsema, P. R. (2014). Alpha and gamma
                      oscillations characterize feedback and feedforward
                      processing in monkey visual cortex. Proceedings of the
                      National Academy of Sciences, 111(40), 14332-14341.,
                      10.1073/pnas.1402773111; [5] Bollimunta, A., Mo, J.,
                      Schroeder, C. E., $\&$ Ding, M. (2011). Neuronal mechanisms
                      and attentional modulation of corticothalamic alpha
                      oscillations. Journal of Neuroscience, 31(13), 4935-4943.,
                      10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5580-10.2011},
      abstract     = {The alpha rhythm (~10 Hz) is one of the most studied
                      oscillations in the brain and is mainly related to
                      spontaneous ongoing activity. It particularly occurs over
                      occipitoparietal regions of a variety of mammals during the
                      eyes-closed condition. Classically, the alpha rhythm is
                      associated with reductions in visual attention, but more
                      recently other functions such as facilitation of the
                      communication of top-down predictions to the visual cortex
                      and stabilization of visual processing [1] have been
                      suggested. An important step toward elucidating these
                      functions is exploring how and where this oscillation
                      originates. Several hypotheses point to thalamic and
                      cortical circuits as the main source of the alpha rhythm,
                      but the precise substrate and mechanism remain to be
                      determined.The aim of this work is to build a cellularly
                      resolved thalamocortical model involving the primary visual
                      cortex and the lateral geniculate nucleus and study possible
                      alpha generator hypotheses. The cortical component covers 1
                      mm2 of cortical surface and is divided into four layers
                      (L2/3, L4, L5, and L6) each containing the full density of
                      excitatory and inhibitory spiking neurons modeled by the
                      adaptive exponential integrate-and-fire model. Cortical
                      neurons in L4 and L6 receive thalamocortical connections. In
                      turn, L6 neurons send feedback to thalamus. Two potential
                      candidates for generating alpha were studied: 1) pyramidal
                      neurons in L5 that produce rhythmic bursts around 10 Hz [2];
                      2) a thalamocortical loop delay of around 100 ms previously
                      suggested in mean-field models [3]. Current source density
                      signals were estimated from the simulated spiking activity
                      for direct comparison of spectra and Granger causality (GC)
                      with experimental data [4, 5]. All network simulations were
                      performed using the NEST simulator.The spontaneous activity
                      of the cortical microcircuit was analyzed, and the two
                      hypotheses were separately tested in the model. Our results
                      show that both mechanisms are able to support alpha
                      oscillations, but with different laminar patterns.
                      Hypothesis 1 points to GC in the alpha range originating
                      mainly in L5 and L2/3, while Hypothesis 2 points to L4 and
                      L6 as the main source layers. These laminar patterns
                      qualitatively reproduce empirical observations in monkey
                      visual cortex from [4] and [5], respectively. Thus, the two
                      proposed mechanisms may contribute differentially to alpha
                      rhythms expressed in different individuals, brain states, or
                      behavioral conditions.},
      month         = {Sep},
      date          = {2022-09-13},
      organization  = {Bernstein Conference 2022, Berlin
                       (Germany), 13 Sep 2022 - 16 Sep 2022},
      subtyp        = {Panel discussion},
      keywords     = {Computational Neuroscience (Other) / Networks, dynamical
                      systems (Other)},
      cin          = {INM-6 / IAS-6 / INM-10},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-6-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-6-20130828 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)INM-10-20170113},
      pnm          = {5231 - Neuroscientific Foundations (POF4-523) / HBP SGA2 -
                      Human Brain Project Specific Grant Agreement 2 (785907) /
                      HBP SGA3 - Human Brain Project Specific Grant Agreement 3
                      (945539) / DFG project 347572269 - Heterogenität von
                      Zytoarchitektur, Chemoarchitektur und Konnektivität in
                      einem großskaligen Computermodell der menschlichen
                      Großhirnrinde (347572269)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5231 / G:(EU-Grant)785907 /
                      G:(EU-Grant)945539 / G:(GEPRIS)347572269},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)24},
      doi          = {10.12751/NNCN.BC2022.268},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/909873},
}