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@ARTICLE{Wolters:910331,
      author       = {Wolters, Tim and Bach, Thomas and Eisele, Michael and
                      Eschenbach, Wolfram and Kunkel, Ralf and McNamara, Ian and
                      Well, Reinhard and Wendland, Frank},
      title        = {{T}he derivation of denitrification conditions in
                      groundwater: {C}ombined method approach and application for
                      {G}ermany},
      journal      = {Ecological indicators},
      volume       = {144},
      issn         = {1470-160X},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-03757},
      pages        = {109564 -},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {Denitrification in groundwater is an important process that
                      helps to maintain environmental standards, yet there are
                      very few studies that determine the spatial variation of
                      denitrification conditions in aquifers on a regional scale.
                      We introduce a procedure to derive spatially continuous
                      estimates of denitrification conditions in groundwater based
                      on the interpolation of measurements of the redox-sensitive
                      parameters oxygen, nitrate, iron, manganese and DOC,
                      combined with the quantification of denitrification using a
                      2D-hydrodynamic model based on first-order reaction
                      kinetics. We applied this procedure to Germany, using
                      measured values from more than 24,000 groundwater monitoring
                      sites from 2007 to 2016. Annual concentrations of the five
                      parameters at the monitoring sites were regionalized using
                      an optimized, iterative inverse distance weighting procedure
                      within 15 aquifer typologies for spatial delineation. The
                      annual grids (2007–2016) of each parameter were then
                      overlaid and a median over time was calculated. Discrete
                      ranks were then assigned to the concentrations of each
                      parameter based on their redox class, and ultimately, after
                      overlaying the five parameters, a mean value was calculated
                      describing the nitrate degradation conditions in
                      groundwater. After assigning half-life times and reaction
                      constants to those denitrification conditions, we quantified
                      denitrification in groundwater using the hydrodynamic model
                      WEKU.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {630},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {2173 - Agro-biogeosystems: controls, feedbacks and impact
                      (POF4-217)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2173},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000878689600002},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.109564},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/910331},
}