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@ARTICLE{Lehmkuhl:910467,
      author       = {Lehmkuhl, Sören and Fleischer, Simon and Lohmann, Lars and
                      Rosen, Matthew S. and Chekmenev, Eduard Y. and Adams, Alina
                      and Theis, Thomas and Appelt, Stephan},
      title        = {{RASER} {MRI}: {M}agnetic resonance images formed
                      spontaneously exploiting cooperative nonlinear interaction},
      journal      = {Science advances},
      volume       = {8},
      number       = {28},
      issn         = {2375-2548},
      address      = {Washington, DC [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Assoc.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-03850},
      pages        = {eabp8483},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {The spatial resolution of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
                      is limited by the width of Lorentzian point spread functions
                      associated with the transverse relaxation rate 1/T2*. Here,
                      we show a different contrast mechanism in MRI by
                      establishing RASER (radio-frequency amplification by
                      stimulated emission of radiation) in imaged media. RASER
                      imaging bursts emerge out of noise and without applying
                      radio-frequency pulses when placing spins with sufficient
                      population inversion in a weak magnetic field gradient.
                      Small local differences in initial population in-version
                      density can create stronger image contrast than conventional
                      MRI. This different contrast mechanism is based on the
                      cooperative nonlinear interaction between all slices. On the
                      other hand, the cooperative nonlinear interaction gives rise
                      to imaging artifacts, such as amplitude distortions and side
                      lobes outside of the imaging domain. Contrast mechanism and
                      artifacts are explored experimentally and predicted by
                      simulations on the basis of a proposed RASER MRI theor},
      cin          = {ZEA-2},
      ddc          = {500},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)ZEA-2-20090406},
      pnm          = {899 - ohne Topic (POF4-899)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-899},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {35857519},
      UT           = {WOS:000826385700037},
      doi          = {10.1126/sciadv.abp8483},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/910467},
}