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@ARTICLE{Mayer:910627,
      author       = {Mayer, Matej and Balden, Martin and Brezinsek, Sebastijan
                      and Burwitz, Vassily V and Cupak, Christian and Dhard,
                      Chandra Prakash and Elgeti, Stefan and Guitart Corominas, M.
                      and Hiret, Paul and Kandler, Markus and Naujoks, Dirk and
                      Schmidt-Dencker, Jan-Henrik and Ruset, Cristian and
                      Saramela, Thiago B and Silva, Tiago F},
      title        = {{C}arbon erosion/deposition on the divertor of {W}7-{X}
                      during the operational period {OP} 1.2b},
      journal      = {Nuclear fusion},
      volume       = {62},
      number       = {12},
      issn         = {0029-5515},
      address      = {Vienna},
      publisher    = {IAEA},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-04005},
      pages        = {126049},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {Carbon net erosion and deposition at the test divertor unit
                      (TDU) of Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) were measured for the
                      discharge period OP 1.2b in the year 2018 using 18 specially
                      prepared target elements in all 10 TDUs. These had lengths
                      between 30 and 60 cm and were coated with marker layers for
                      erosion/deposition investigations of 5–10 μm carbon on
                      top of about 300 nm molybdenum. The marker layer thicknesses
                      were measured by elastic backscattering spectrometry (EBS)
                      before and after plasma exposure using 2.5 MeV protons; the
                      surface morphology was investigated using scanning electron
                      microscopy (SEM) and focused ion beam cross-sectioning
                      (FIB), the surface roughness was determined using a
                      two-dimensional optical profiler. Plasma-exposed surfaces
                      were considerably smoother than unexposed surfaces with
                      decreased mean roughness and a shift of the inclination
                      angle distribution towards lower values. The erosion on the
                      10 TDUs was unequal within a factor of about two. During the
                      discharge period in total 20.4 ± 5.7 g carbon was eroded
                      from the 10 TDUs. Adjacent to the strike line some
                      deposition of carbon was observed. Compared to the discharge
                      period OP 1.2a in the year 2017, the net carbon erosion rate
                      dropped by a factor of 5–6 due to regular boronizations,
                      which reduced the oxygen (and subsequently also the carbon)
                      content in the plasma by 1–2 orders of magnitude. The
                      significance of erosion/deposition processes for long-pulse
                      discharges is discussed.},
      cin          = {IEK-4},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-4-20101013},
      pnm          = {134 - Plasma-Wand-Wechselwirkung (POF4-134)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-134},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000875339800001},
      doi          = {10.1088/1741-4326/ac94e2},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/910627},
}