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@ARTICLE{Gaspar:910640,
      author       = {Gaspar, J. and Corre, Y. and Rigollet, F. and Aumeunier,
                      M.-H. and Bernard, E. and Brezinsek, S. and Courtois, X. and
                      Dejarnac, R. and Diez, M. and Dubus, L. and Ehret, N. and
                      Fedorczak, N. and Firdaouss, M. and Houry, M. and Le Bohec,
                      M. and Loarer, T. and Martin, C. and Moncada, V. and Moreau,
                      P. and Pocheau, C. and Reilhac, P. and Tsitrone, E. and WEST
                      Team, the},
      title        = {{O}verview of the emissivity measurements performed in
                      {WEST}: in situ and post-mortem observations},
      journal      = {Nuclear fusion},
      volume       = {62},
      number       = {9},
      issn         = {0029-5515},
      address      = {Vienna},
      publisher    = {IAEA},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-04013},
      pages        = {096023 -},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {This paper summarizes the emissivity measurements performed
                      on the plasma-facing units (PFU) of the WEST lower divertor
                      during the first phase of WEST running with a mix of
                      actively cooled ITER-like PFUs made of bulk tungsten (W) and
                      inertially cooled PFUs made of graphite with a coating of
                      tungsten. In situ assessments of the emissivity and
                      laboratory measurements after removing the W-coated graphite
                      and ITER-grade PFUs from the WEST device are shown. The
                      measurements exhibit a complex pattern with strong
                      emissivity variation as a function of space and time mainly
                      explained with the variation of magnetic equilibrium (strike
                      point location) as well as the plasma performances during
                      the experimental campaigns. The exposed ITER-grade PFU
                      exhibits sharp spatial variation of the emissivity from 0.05
                      to 0.85 at a monoblock scale (12 mm) at the transition of
                      the erosion (strike point location) and deposition (next to
                      the strike point location) areas on the high-field side. On
                      the low-field side, the emissivity varies from 0.12 at the
                      strike point location, to 0.2 a few cm away in the
                      low-field-side direction. This emissivity range after
                      exposure is much higher than the emissivity variation of
                      unexposed PFU with emissivity from 0.09 to 0.15. In situ
                      observation performed on the W-coated graphite PFU shows a
                      rapid evolution, typically a few pulses, of the emissivity
                      in the inner and outer strike point location. The whole
                      spatial distribution is discussed as well as its variation
                      due to the plasma operation from the start-up of WEST to the
                      removal of the W-coated graphite components.},
      cin          = {IEK-4},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-4-20101013},
      pnm          = {134 - Plasma-Wand-Wechselwirkung (POF4-134)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-134},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000844845100001},
      doi          = {10.1088/1741-4326/ac6f68},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/910640},
}