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024 7 _ |a 10.1016/j.est.2022.104961
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024 7 _ |a 2352-152X
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024 7 _ |a 2352-1538
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024 7 _ |a 10.34734/FZJ-2022-04201
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024 7 _ |a WOS:000836431500011
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037 _ _ |a FZJ-2022-04201
082 _ _ |a 333.7
100 1 _ |a Jacqué, Kevin
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245 _ _ |a The influence of frequency containment reserve on the efficiency of a hybrid stationary large-scale storage system
260 _ _ |a Amsterdam [u.a.]
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336 7 _ |a article
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520 _ _ |a Large-scale battery storage systems are predestined for balancing the fluctuating feed-in from renewable energiesand supporting the electricity grid due to their high efficiency. As a result, large-scale storage has gainedimportance in the market for frequency support reserve (FCR). While the first LSS projects had to be plannedwithout operational experience a couple of years ago, new LSS can benefit from the evaluation of measured fielddata. Especially the real-word efficiencies are key information for electricity procuring costs and arbitragetrading. To contribute filling this information gap, this paper investigates the efficiency of the hybrid LSS, itstransformers, its inverters, the individual battery technologies (two types of lead-acid and three types of lithiumionbatteries) and the influence of FCR provision on efficiency. High-resolution field measurements of the hybrid6 MW/7.5 MWh battery storage system “M5BAT” at the FCR market over several years serve as the basis. Thedata-based efficiency analysis reveals a high round-trip efficiency of 72.8% (with self-consumption: 66.2%) forthe LSS in operation. In this context, the lithium-ion batteries have a higher round-trip efficiency of 97.4% thanthe lead-acid batteries with 85%. Low load on the transformers and the inverters leads to an average powerweightedpower efficiency of less than 95%. The results presented can be used to model LSS and its varioussystem components and battery technologies in order to further analyse the participation in chosen energymarkets.
536 _ _ |a 1223 - Batteries in Application (POF4-122)
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700 1 _ |a Koltermann, Lucas
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700 1 _ |a Figgener, Jan
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700 1 _ |a Zurmühlen, Sebastian
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700 1 _ |a Sauer, Dirk Uwe
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773 _ _ |a 10.1016/j.est.2022.104961
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|t Journal of energy storage
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856 4 _ |u https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/910851/files/Jacqu%C3%A9%20et%20al.%20-%20M5Bat%20Efficiency.pdf
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910 1 _ |a Forschungszentrum Jülich
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914 1 _ |y 2023
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