% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded.  This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.

@ARTICLE{Valov:9109,
      author       = {Valov, I. and Rührup, V. and Klein, R. and Rödel, T.-C.
                      and Stork, A. and Berendts, S. and Dogan, M. and Wiemhöfer,
                      H.-D. and Lerch, M. and Janek, J.},
      title        = {{I}onic and electronic conductivity of nitrogen-doped {YSZ}
                      single crystals},
      journal      = {Solid state ionics},
      volume       = {180},
      issn         = {0167-2738},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-9109},
      year         = {2009},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012},
      abstract     = {The ionic and electronic charge transport was studied for
                      single crystals of 9.5 $mol\%$ yttria-stabilized zirconia
                      with additional nitrogen doping (YSZ:N) of up to 7.5 $at.\%$
                      (referred to the anion sublattice and formula unit
                      Zr0.83Y0.17O1.91) as a function of temperature and nitrogen
                      content. The total conductivity being almost equivalent to
                      the oxygen ion conductivity has been measured by AC
                      impedance spectroscopy under vacuum conditions in order to
                      prevent re-oxidation and loss of nitrogen. The electronic
                      conductivity has been determined by Hebb-Wagner polarization
                      using ion-blocking Pt microelectrodes in N-2 atmosphere. The
                      ionic conductivity of YSZ:N decreases in the presence of
                      nitrogen at intermediate temperatures up to 1000 degrees C.
                      The mean activation energy of ionic conduction strongly
                      increases with increasing nitrogen content, from 1.0 eV for
                      nitrogen-free YSZ up to 1.9 eV for YSZ containing 7.3
                      $at.\%$ N. Compared to nitrogen-free YSZ, the electronic
                      conductivity first decreases at nitrogen contents of 2.17
                      and 5.80 $at.\%,$ but then increases again for a sample with
                      7.53 at X At temperatures of 850 degrees C and above, the
                      presence of the N3- dopant fixes the electrode potential and
                      thus the oxygen partial pressure at the Pt electrode to very
                      low values. This corresponds to a pinning of the Fermi level
                      at a relatively high energy in the upper half of the band
                      gap. At 7.53 $at.\%$ N and 950 degrees C, the oxygen partial
                      pressure in YSZ:N corresponds to p(O2) = 3x10(-18) bar. At
                      temperatures above 850 degrees C, even in the presence of a
                      very small oxygen concentration in the surrounding gas
                      phase, the nitrogen ion dopant becomes highly mobile and
                      thus diffuses to the surface where it is oxidized to gaseous
                      N-2. The results are discussed in terms of the ionic and
                      electronic defect structures and the defect mobilities in
                      YSZ:N. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {IFF-6 / JARA-FIT},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB786 / $I:(DE-82)080009_20140620$},
      pnm          = {Grundlagen für zukünftige Informationstechnologien},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK412},
      shelfmark    = {Chemistry, Physical / Physics, Condensed Matter},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000272817800005},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.ssi.2009.09.003},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/9109},
}