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@ARTICLE{Afshari:911909,
      author       = {Afshari, M. and Morris, S. and Geulig, L. D. and Chitgar,
                      Z. M. and Gibbon, P. and Thirolf, P. G. and Schreiber, J.},
      title        = {{T}he role of collisional ionization in heavy ion
                      acceleration by high intensity laser pulses},
      journal      = {Scientific reports},
      volume       = {12},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2045-2322},
      address      = {[London]},
      publisher    = {Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-05156},
      pages        = {18260},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {We present here simulation results of the laser-driven
                      acceleration of gold ions using the EPOCH code. Recently, an
                      experiment reported the acceleration of gold ions up to 7
                      MeV/nucleon with a strong dependency of the charge-state
                      distribution on target thickness and the detection of the
                      highest charge states Z∼72. Our simulations using a
                      developmental branch of EPOCH (4.18-Ionization) show that
                      collisional ionization is the most important cause of charge
                      states beyond Z = 51 up to He-like Au.},
      cin          = {JSC},
      ddc          = {600},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)JSC-20090406},
      pnm          = {5111 - Domain-Specific Simulation $\&$ Data Life Cycle Labs
                      (SDLs) and Research Groups (POF4-511)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5111},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {36309599},
      UT           = {WOS:000876608900040},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41598-022-23148-2},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/911909},
}