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@ARTICLE{Loutati:912434,
      author       = {Loutati, Asmaa and Odenwald, Philipp and Aktekin, Burak and
                      Sann, Joachim and Guillon, Olivier and Tietz, Frank and
                      Fattakhova-Rohlfing, Dina},
      title        = {{S}urvey of {Z}irconium‐{C}ontaining {N}a{SICON}‐type
                      {S}olid‐{S}tate {L}i+ {I}on {C}onductors with the {A}im of
                      {I}ncreasing {R}eduction {S}tability by {P}artial {C}ation
                      {S}ubstitution},
      journal      = {Batteries $\&$ supercaps},
      volume       = {5},
      number       = {11},
      issn         = {2566-6223},
      address      = {Weinheim},
      publisher    = {Wiley-VCH},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-05613},
      pages        = {e202200327},
      year         = {2022},
      note         = {Grand names: BMBF-03XP0173A Kompetenzcluster
                      Festbatt-OxideBMBF-13XP0434A Kompetenzcluster
                      Festbatt2-Oxide},
      abstract     = {Various compositions of the series Li1+xM3+xZr2−x(PO4)3
                      where M3+=Al3+, Sc3+, Y3+ were prepared by solution-assisted
                      solid-state reaction, since they could have a higher
                      reduction stability as solid electrolytes in lithium
                      batteries than in germanium- or titanium-containing
                      materials. The influence of substitution on crystallographic
                      parameters, density, and ionic conductivity were
                      investigated. The cation substitution of M3+ (M=Al, Sc, Y)
                      for Zr4+ in LiZr2(PO4)3 stabilizes the rhombohedral NaSICON
                      structure (space group
                      urn:x-wiley:25666223:media:batt202200327:batt202200327-math-0001
                      ) at room temperature and increases the ionic conductivity
                      significantly. Here, at 25 °C and with a consistent
                      relative density of $94 \%–96 \%,$ an ionic
                      conductivity of 2.7×10−5 S cm−1,
                      6.7×10−5 S cm−1, and 3.6×10−6 S cm−1 was
                      achieved with the compositions Li1.2Sc0.2Zr1.8(PO4)3,
                      Li1.2Y0.2Zr1.8(PO4)3, and Li1.2Al0.2Zr1.8(PO4)3,
                      respectively. In comparison with Li1+xScxZr2−x(PO4)3, the
                      Y3+ substitution in LiZr2(PO4)3 enhanced the ionic
                      conductivity slightly and denoted the maximum Li+ ionic
                      conductivity obtained at room temperature. However,
                      substitution with Al3+ decreased the ionic conductivity. For
                      the first time, this work provides a complete overview of
                      three series of solid Li-ion conductors in the
                      Li2O-M2O3-ZrO2-P2O5 system where M=Al, Sc, Y. Noticeable
                      differences in the chemistry of resulting compounds were
                      observed, which likely depend on the ionic radius of the
                      cations being substituted. The series with Sc showed
                      complete miscibility from x=0 to x=2 with a continuous
                      change of the NaSICON polymorphs. The series with Y showed a
                      solubility limit at about x=0.3 and higher substitution
                      levels led to the increasing formation of YPO4. The series
                      with Al exhibited continuously decreasing ionic conductivity
                      until x=1, whereupon the investigation was terminated due to
                      its very low conductivity of about 10−10 S cm−1.},
      cin          = {IEK-1 / IEK-12},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-1-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-12-20141217},
      pnm          = {1221 - Fundamentals and Materials (POF4-122)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1221},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000853914500001},
      doi          = {10.1002/batt.202200327},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/912434},
}