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@INPROCEEDINGS{Cossel:916095,
      author       = {Cossel, Moritz von and Jablonowski, Nicolai David},
      title        = {{ENERGY} {YIELD} {DECLINE} {OF} {SIDA} ({SIDA}
                      {HERMAPHRODITA} {L}. {RUSBY}) {IN} {A} {SUMMER} {HARVEST}
                      {REGIME} {FOR} {BIOGAS} {PRODUCTION}},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-05935},
      year         = {2022},
      note         = {page 21, in ABSTRACTS: FIBERS AND CELLULOSICS DIVISION -
                      ORAL PRESENTATIONS},
      abstract     = {In Germany, the interest in perennial cropping systems for
                      bioenergy feedstock production has increased significantly
                      over the past decade. For example, the area under cup plant
                      (Silphium perfoliatum L.) has increased from 500 to 10,000
                      ha since 2015. The reasons for this are primarily the
                      environmental and societal ecosystem services that are more
                      pronounced in cup plant compared to silage maize (Zea mays
                      L.), such as biodiversity enhancement, and erosion
                      mitigation.To promote the diversification of energy supply
                      even more sustainably through another equally promising
                      perennial flowering bioenergy crop, Sida hermaphrodita L.
                      Rusby (hereafter referred to as Sida), also known as Virgina
                      mallow, was investigated in field trials at University of
                      Hohenheim (southwest Germany). Up to now, Sida has been
                      widely considered as a solid biofuel in research and
                      practice. For this use, the dead aboveground Sida biomass is
                      harvested in spring before the plants’ regrowth.
                      Consequently, the research question of this study was, in
                      how far Sida performs as a biogas crop in comparison with
                      cup plant and silage maize, which is commonly used for
                      commercial biogas production. Therefore, the vegetative
                      biomass of Sida was harvested in the vegetative stage, i.e.
                      green biomass in summer, to evaluate its methane yield
                      employing batch tests. Due to the perennial nature of Sida,
                      regular summer harvests were conducted over a longer period
                      (2014-2018) to clearly evaluate the overall plant
                      performance.A comparison of the average dry matter yields
                      (DMY) showed that Sida performed considerably weaker (12.3
                      t/ha) than cup plant (22.4 t/ha) and maize (20.1 t/ha) when
                      harvested in summer. Moreover, there was a clear trend of a
                      gradual decline in DMY for Sida from 18.2 t/ha in 2015 to
                      9.2 t/ha in 2018. Against this, cup plant and maize showed
                      relatively stable DMY throughout the observation period
                      (i.e. for cup plant from 2015-2018). The average
                      substrate-specific methane yield (SMY) of Sida (278.4 lN
                      CH4/kgVS) was similar to cup plant (264.3 lN CH4/kgVS),
                      while maize yielded highest (335.2 lN CH4/kgVS), as was
                      expected for this positive control. However, for Sida a
                      minor increase in SMY (circa 10 lN CH4/kgVS) was observed
                      from 2016 to 2017, which might be due to the change in Sida
                      biomass composition.Based on these results, the methane
                      yield per hectare (MYH) was calculated (MYH = DMY × SMY).
                      Here, for Sida, the large decrease in DMY was shown to have
                      a stronger impact on MYH than SMY, as MYH also decreased by
                      $45.4\%$ from 4643.2 m³ CH4/ha or 167.2 GJ/ha (1 m³ CH4
                      equals 36 MJ) in 2015, to 2537.3 m³ CH4/ha or 91.3 GJ/ha in
                      2018. In contrast, the MYHs of cup plant and maize showed
                      stable MYHs of 5261.4 and 6610.6 m³ CH4/ha, respectively.We
                      suggest that the steady decrease in DMY, which can be
                      considered as the main reason for the energy yield decline
                      of Sida, is a consequence of the early harvest of the Sida
                      biomass in summer. Such yield declines were not observed for
                      Sida biomass harvests in winter. In this case, Sida can
                      translocate nutrients and assimilates back to the root
                      system allowing for a stronger regrowth in spring.It can be
                      concluded that Sida is rather not suitable for biogas
                      production due to cutting intolerance in a continuous summer
                      harvest regime.},
      month         = {Oct},
      date          = {2022-10-09},
      organization  = {33rd AAIC Annual Meeting - ASSOCIATION
                       FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF INDUSTRIAL
                       CROPS, Bozeman (USA), 9 Oct 2022 - 12
                       Oct 2022},
      subtyp        = {After Call},
      cin          = {IBG-2},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118},
      pnm          = {2171 - Biological and environmental resources for
                      sustainable use (POF4-217)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-2171},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)6},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/916095},
}