% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded.  This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.

@INPROCEEDINGS{MoralesGregorio:916167,
      author       = {Morales-Gregorio, Aitor and Kurth, Anno and Ito, Junji and
                      Kleinjohann, Alexander and Barthélemy, Frédéric and
                      Brochier, Thomas and Grün, Sonja and van Albada, Sacha},
      title        = {{N}eural manifolds are modulated by feedback in macaque
                      primary visual cortex during resting state},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-05987},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {High-dimensional brain activity is often organized into
                      lower-dimensional neural manifolds, which can represent a
                      plethora of behavioral variables, such as head direction,
                      decision making, or hand movement. However, neural manifolds
                      remain understudied in the visual cortex of primates, with
                      studies rather focused on mice [1] or considering small
                      samples of neurons in macaque [2].Feedback communication in
                      the cortex has been observed in specific frequency bands
                      [3]. Moreover, the feedback to V1 from higher visual areas
                      is known to mediate visual attention for figure-ground
                      segregation and contour integration in macaque [4].
                      Computational modeling shows that feedback may also
                      influence neural manifolds by rotating them in a
                      context-dependent manner to recover sensory inputs from
                      different contexts [5]. However, whether feedback signals
                      can modulate neural manifolds in the brain remains to be
                      proven.Here, we study the neural manifolds of macaque
                      (Macaca mulatta, N=4) V1 during the resting state. The
                      macaques were seated in a dark room and thus received
                      virtually no visual input. We used extracellular
                      multi-electrode (Utah array) recordings with unprecedented
                      spatio-temporal resolution [6]. Our analysis reveals that
                      resting-state neural manifolds of macaque V1 are organized
                      as two distinct high-dimensional clusters. We show that
                      these clusters are primarily correlated with the behavior
                      (eye closure) of the macaques and that the dimensionality of
                      each of these clusters is significantly different, with
                      higher dimensionality during the eyes-open periods. In
                      addition, we use LFP coherence and Granger causality to
                      estimate signatures of feedback from V4 and DP to V1 (in the
                      beta range) and find that feedback signatures are
                      significantly stronger during the eyes-open periods.
                      Finally, we simulate a cortical microcircuit under
                      resting-state conditions and show that feedback signals can
                      modulate the state space of our model: the presence and
                      absence of feedback lead to distinct clusters in the state
                      space, in agreement with the experimental observations.
                      Taken together, the data analysis and simulations suggest
                      that feedback signals actively modulate neural manifolds in
                      the visual cortex of the macaque.References:[1] Stringer et
                      al. 2020. Nature 571, 361-365[2] Singh et al. 2008. Journal
                      of Vision 8(8), 11[3] Bastos et al. 2015. Neuron 85 (2),
                      390-401[4] Poort et al. 2012. Neuron 75 (1), 143-156[5]
                      Naumann et al. 2022. eLife 11, 76096[6] Chen et al. 2022.
                      Scientific Data 9 (1), 77},
      month         = {Nov},
      date          = {2022-11-12},
      organization  = {Society for Neuroscience meeting 2022,
                       San Diego (USA), 12 Nov 2022 - 16 Nov
                       2022},
      subtyp        = {After Call},
      cin          = {INM-6 / IAS-6 / INM-10},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-6-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-6-20130828 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)INM-10-20170113},
      pnm          = {5231 - Neuroscientific Foundations (POF4-523) / HBP SGA3 -
                      Human Brain Project Specific Grant Agreement 3 (945539) /
                      SPP 2041 347572269 - Integration von
                      Multiskalen-Konnektivität und Gehirnarchitektur in einem
                      supercomputergestützten Modell der menschlichen
                      Großhirnrinde (347572269) / GRK 2416 - GRK 2416:
                      MultiSenses-MultiScales: Neue Ansätze zur Aufklärung
                      neuronaler multisensorischer Integration (368482240)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5231 / G:(EU-Grant)945539 /
                      G:(GEPRIS)347572269 / G:(GEPRIS)368482240},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)24},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/916167},
}