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@ARTICLE{Schreiber:916218,
      author       = {Schreiber, Andrea and Rosen, Melanie and Waetzig, Katja and
                      Nikolowski, Kristian and Schiffmann, Nikolas and Wiggers,
                      Hartmut and Küpers, Michael and Fattakhova-Rohlfing, Dina
                      and Kuckshinrichs, Wilhelm and Guillon, Olivier and
                      Finsterbusch, Martin},
      title        = {{O}xide ceramic electrolytes for all-solid-state lithium
                      batteries – cost-cutting cell design and environmental
                      impact},
      journal      = {Green chemistry},
      volume       = {25},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {1463-9262},
      address      = {Cambridge},
      publisher    = {RSC},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-06019},
      pages        = {399-414},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {All-solid-state batteries are a hot research topic due to
                      the prospect of high energy density and higher intrinsic
                      safety, compared to conventional lithium-ion batteries. Of
                      the wide variety of solid-state electrolytes currently
                      researched, oxide ceramic lithium-ion conductors are
                      considered the most difficult to implement in industrial
                      cells. Although their high lithium-ion conductivity combined
                      with a high chemical and thermal stability make them a very
                      attractive class of materials, cost-cutting synthesis and
                      scalable processing into full batteries remain to be
                      demonstrated. Additionally, they are Fluorine-free and can
                      be processed in air but require one or more high temperature
                      treatment steps during processing counteracting their
                      ecological benefits. Thus, a viable cell design and
                      corresponding assessment of its ecological impact is still
                      missing. To close this gap, we define a target cell
                      combining the advantages of the two most promising oxidic
                      electrolytes, lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide (LLZO) and
                      lithium aluminium titanium phosphate (LATP). Even though it
                      has not been demonstrated so far, the individual components
                      are feasible to produce with state-of-the-art industrial
                      manufacturing processes. This model cell then allows us to
                      assess the environmental impact of the ceramic electrolyte
                      synthesis and cell component manufacturing not just on an
                      abstract level (per kg of material) but also with respect to
                      their contributions to the final cell. The in-depth life
                      cycle assessment (LCA) analysis revealed surprising
                      similarities between oxide-based all-solid-state batteries
                      and conventional Li-ion batteries. The overall LCA inventory
                      on the material level is still dominated by the cathode
                      active material, while the fabrication through ceramic
                      manufacturing processes is a major contributor to the energy
                      uptake. A clear path that identifies relevant research and
                      development directions in terms of economic benefits and
                      environmental sustainability could thus be developed to
                      promote the competitiveness of oxide based all-solid-state
                      batteries in the market.},
      cin          = {IEK-STE / IEK-1},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-STE-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-1-20101013},
      pnm          = {1112 - Societally Feasible Transformation Pathways
                      (POF4-111) / FestBatt-Oxide - Materialplattform 'Oxide' im
                      Rahmen des Kompetenzclusters für Festkörperbatterien
                      (13XP0173A)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1112 / G:(BMBF)13XP0173A},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000895887200001},
      doi          = {10.1039/D2GC03368B},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/916218},
}