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@ARTICLE{Schfer:916353,
      author       = {Schäfer, Benjamin and Pesch, Thiemo and Manik, Debsankha
                      and Gollenstede, Julian and Lin, Guosong and Beck,
                      Hans-Peter and Witthaut, Dirk and Timme, Marc},
      title        = {{U}nderstanding {B}raess’ {P}aradox in power grids},
      journal      = {Nature Communications},
      volume       = {13},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2041-1723},
      address      = {[London]},
      publisher    = {Nature Publishing Group UK},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2022-06154},
      pages        = {5396},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {The ongoing energy transition requires power grid
                      extensions to connect renewable generators to consumers and
                      to transfer power among distant areas. The process of grid
                      extension requires a large investment of resources and is
                      supposed to make grid operation more robust. Yet,
                      counter-intuitively, increasing the capacity of existing
                      lines or adding new lines may also reduce the overall system
                      performance and even promote blackouts due to Braess’
                      paradox. Braess’ paradox was theoretically modeled but not
                      yet proven in realistically scaled power grids. Here, we
                      present an experimental setup demonstrating Braess’
                      paradox in an AC power grid and show how it constrains
                      ongoing large-scale grid extension projects. We present a
                      topological theory that reveals the key mechanism and
                      predicts Braessian grid extensions from the network
                      structure. These results offer a theoretical method to
                      understand and practical guidelines in support of preventing
                      unsuitable infrastructures and the systemic planning of grid
                      extensions.},
      cin          = {IEK-STE / IEK-10},
      ddc          = {500},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-STE-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-10-20170217},
      pnm          = {1112 - Societally Feasible Transformation Pathways
                      (POF4-111) / VH-NG-1025 - Helmholtz Young Investigators
                      Group "Efficiency, Emergence and Economics of future supply
                      networks" $(VH-NG-1025_20112014)$ / CoNDyNet 2 - Kollektive
                      Nichtlineare Dynamik Komplexer Stromnetze (BMBF-03EK3055B) /
                      ES2050 - Energie System 2050 (ES2050) / 1122 - Design,
                      Operation and Digitalization of the Future Energy Grids
                      (POF4-112)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1112 / $G:(HGF)VH-NG-1025_20112014$ /
                      G:(DE-JUEL1)BMBF-03EK3055B / G:(DE-HGF)ES2050 /
                      G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1122},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {36104335},
      UT           = {WOS:000853935100011},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41467-022-32917-6},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/916353},
}