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@INPROCEEDINGS{Kannis:916725,
      author       = {Kannis, Chrysovalantis S. and Engels, Ralf W. and Hanhart,
                      Christoph and Soltner, Helmut and Huxold, Lukas and
                      Grigoryev, Kirill and Lehrach, Andreas and Büscher, Markus
                      and Sefzick, Thomas},
      title        = {{N}ew {A}pplication of a {S}ona {T}ransition {U}nit:
                      {O}bservation of {D}irect {T}ransitions between {Q}uantum
                      {S}tates with {E}nergy {D}ifferences of 10 ne{V} and
                      {B}elow},
      publisher    = {Journal of the Physical Society of Japan},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2023-00065},
      pages        = {021209},
      year         = {2022},
      comment      = {Proceedings of the 24th International Spin Symposium
                      (SPIN2021) - Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 2022.
                      - ISBN 4-89027-150-3 - doi:10.7566/JPSCP.37.021209},
      booktitle     = {Proceedings of the 24th International
                       Spin Symposium (SPIN2021) - Journal of
                       the Physical Society of Japan, 2022. -
                       ISBN 4-89027-150-3 -
                       doi:10.7566/JPSCP.37.021209},
      abstract     = {For more than 50 years Sona transition units have been used
                      at polarized sources to exchange the occupation numbers
                      between “pure” hyperfine substates. For instance,
                      hydrogen atoms in the hyperfine substate |F=1,mF=+1⟩ are
                      transferred into |F=1,mF=−1⟩when these atoms are passing
                      a static magnetic field gradient between two opposing
                      solenoidal magnetic fields. Thus, the magnetic field
                      direction, i.e., the quantization axis, is rotated faster
                      than the spin orientation can follow due to the Larmor
                      precession.In parallel, the atoms traveling through the zero
                      crossing of the static magnetic field experience in their
                      rest frame an oscillating magnetic field. This oscillation
                      is equivalent to an external radio frequency field of
                      frequency f=vatom/λthat can induce transitions between
                      hyperfine substates with the energy difference
                      ΔE=n⋅h⋅f, where n is an integer. Here, the distance
                      between the opposite coils determines the wavelength λ,
                      thus the beam velocity vatom can be used to manipulate the
                      frequency f to induce transitions between quantum states
                      with energy differences of 10 neV and below. These tiny
                      energy differences can be found between hyperfine substates
                      of hydrogen atoms at low magnetic fields in the Breit–Rabi
                      diagram. Here first measurements, their interpretation and
                      possible applications are presented.},
      month         = {Oct},
      date          = {2021-10-18},
      organization  = {24th International Spin Symposium
                       (SPIN2021), Matsue (Japan (Hybrid)), 18
                       Oct 2021 - 22 Oct 2021},
      cin          = {IKP-2 / IKP-4 / PGI-6 / ZEA-2 / ZEA-1},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IKP-2-20111104 / I:(DE-Juel1)IKP-4-20111104 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-6-20110106 / I:(DE-Juel1)ZEA-2-20090406 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)ZEA-1-20090406},
      pnm          = {621 - Accelerator Research and Development (POF4-621) / 612
                      - Cosmic Matter in the Laboratory (POF4-612)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-621 / G:(DE-HGF)POF4-612},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)8 / PUB:(DE-HGF)7},
      doi          = {10.7566/JPSCP.37.021209},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/916725},
}